| Summary: | Diabetes mellitus is heterogeneous group of diseases. Their common characteristic is failure of metabolism carbohydrate, fats and proteins which is caused by an absolute or relative lack of insulin. A lack of insulin leads to the hyperglycemia. If diabetes is present, glucose and insulin, which physiologically occur in a body, are not in a balance. Pregnant women with diabetes have 7x - 10x higher risk of incidence offspring congenital malformations and there is also 2x - 5x higher risk of neonatal death compared to a population of healthy women. There have been disputes whether the teratogenic potential should be attributed to insulin, glucose, or whether the teratogenic effect of these substances increases through interaction. There is a question how much can maternal organism with diabetes disorder participate to the formation of congenital defects. The embryotoxic effects of insulin itself is not possible to study in the experiment on mammals, because it is not possible to distinguish the effect of the substance itself from the effects of disturbed metabolism of the maternal organism. The unique opportunity is to test the chicken embryo that develops outside the maternal organism. Therefore, we choose the aim of this thesis a test method CHEST (single application 2nd - 5th embryonal day) and a...
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