Sekularismus a modernizace v pojetí Turguta Özala

• Main Author: Siegl, Erik
• Other Authors: Malečková, Jitka
• Format: Doctoral Thesis
• Language: Czech
• Published: 2012
• Online Access: http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-322930

This dissertation examines the relationship between Islam, secularism and modernisation in the development of the Turkish republic with particular focus on the former Prime minister and President Turgut Özal (1927-1993). It analyses his policies and thinking and puts them in the broader political and historic context based on comparison with ideological attitudes of the Kemalism and Islamism and in the context of the overall development of the state's policy towards religion. Turgut Özal led the Turkey for one decade (1983-1993). His leadership is seen by many contemporary observers in Turkey and foreign scholars as the groundbreaking period with respect to the modernisation and changing role of the Islam in the society. During his rule, Özal significantly strenghtened the state support of the Islam and thus further shifted the meaning of state's policy of secularism. Detailed analysis of his book "Turkey in Europe, Europe in Turkey" shows that his own notion of modernisation and secularism was at odds with Mustafa Kemal's ideas and practical policies as well as with the islamist conceptions of Necmettin Erbakan. In the frame of modern Turkish political thinking Özal thus represents a separate stream rooted in the tradition of right wing conservativism. In his practical policy Özal implemented a...