| Summary: | (English version): Hematopoietic differentiation is highly ordered multistep process, where generation of terminal blood cells is dependent upon coordinated regulation of gene expression by key regulators: transcription factors and mikroRNAs. PU.1 (Sfpi1) is a versatile hematopoetic transcription factor required for the proper generation of both myeloid and lymphoid lineages. MikroRNAs represent a novel class of ~22 nucleotide long non-coding posttranscriptional regulators that inhibit expression of genes by blocking protein translation or by mRNA degradation. In this PhD thesis I present research data documenting novel mechanisms of regulation and function of two oncogenic mikroRNAs, miR-17-92 cluster and miR-155 and myeloid transcriptional factors PU.1 upon macrophage differentiation of myeloid progenitors. The miR-17-92 cluster (Oncomir1) encodes seven related mikroRNAs that regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis and development and is overexpressed in number of malignancies including myeloid leukemia. Presented PhD thesis documents novel macrophage specific regulatory mechanisms involving the oncogenic cluster miR-17-92. Using transgenic PU.1-/- myeloid progenitors we show that upon macrophage differentiation, the transcription factor PU.1 induces the secondary determinant, the transcription...
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