| Summary: | Abstract
Background: It is well documented in the international literature that when
implants have been placed with primary stability in the edentulous mandible,
immediate or early loading of the implants can be highly successful. Success
rates of between 85-98% have been reported.1 However, no evidence has been
published on the success rates of implants placed post-extraction with immediate
or early loading in South Africa.
Objectives: The investigation reported in this dissertation was undertaken to
compare the success rates of early loaded implants placed in
a) Edentulous mandibles and maxillae (delayed placement),
b) “Fresh” extraction sockets with prior alveolectomies within the
mandible/maxilla (immediate placement).
Methods: In a private maxillo-facial surgical practice and a private prosthodontic
practice, the number of patients who had received implants, number of implants
per patient, type of implant placed (Southern or Nobel Biocare), total number of
implants, site of implant placement and type of prosthesis placed were recorded.
The success rates were evaluated using the following criteria3:
A) Absence of clinically detectable implant mobility
B) Absence of soft tissue infections, persistent pain, paraesthesia, or
discomfortimplants, site of implant placement and type of prosthesis placed were recorded.
The success rates were evaluated using the following criteria3:
A) Absence of clinically detectable implant mobility
B) Absence of soft tissue infections, persistent pain, paraesthesia, or
discomfortimplants, site of implant placement and type of prosthesis placed were recorded.
The success rates were evaluated using the following criteria3:
A) Absence of clinically detectable implant mobility
B) Absence of soft tissue infections, persistent pain, paraesthesia, or
discomfortC) Radiographic evaluation of bone loss
D) Period of follow-up, that is loading period
Results: The records of 22 patients who had had 121 implants placed with early
loading over a 3 - 45 month period were studied. Of the 121 implants, 107
implants showed no bone loss, and 14 showed bone loss. Furthermore, 4
implants were lost in 2 patients, both patients having had implants placed in
edentulous jaws. No clinical complications were seen in any patients.
Conclusions: Implants with early loading placed in edentulous jaws showed a
94.1% survival rate during the study period, while those placed into fresh and
immediately post-extraction sockets showed a 100% survival rate. The failure
rate was too low for further analysis.
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