| Summary: | Magister Scientiae - MSc (Biotechnology) === Cancer is known as uncontrollable cell growth which results in the formation of
tumours in the areas that are affected by the cancer. There are two types of tumours:
benign and malignant. This study focus is on prostate cancer (PCa) as one of the most
common cancers in men around the world. A previous study has reported that there
were 27,132 new cases of cancer in South Africa in 2010. Out of those, 4652 were
prostate cancer cases, which make it a considerable issue. The prostate is a gland that
forms part of the male reproductive system. Prostate cancer is more apparent in men
over the age of 65 years however it can be present in men of a lower age. However it
is rare in men under 45 years of age. Prostate cancer start as a small group of cancer
cells that can grow into a mature tumour. In the advanced stages, the tumour cells can
spread to other tissue by metastases and can lead to death. Current diagnostic tools
include Digital Rectal Examination (DRE), the Prostate-Specific Antigen test (PSA)
ultra sound, and biopsy.
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