| Summary: | Summaries in Afrikaans and English === Text in Afrikaans === In hierdie ondersoek is daar navorsing gedoen oor die aard en rol van fisiese beheer
in die sakereg met die oog daarop om dit te omskryf en die funksies daarvan te
identifiseer.
By die verkryging van eiendomsreg word net vereis dat die fisiese beheer wat ten
aansien van die saak uitgeoefen word, effektief moet wees. Of 'n saak effektief beheer
word al dan nie, word aan die hand van die heersende verkeersopvattings getoets.
Hierdie verkeersmaatstawwe wat in die praktyk ten aansien van bepaalde soorte sake
uitgekristalliseer het, is buigsaam en veranderlik en dit maak dit moontlik dat die reg
by maatskaplike en ekonomiese veranderinge aanpas. Die funksie van fisiese beheer
in gevalle van verkryging is altyd publisiteit. In die geval van die beskerming van
eiendomsreg word fisiese beheer besonder breed omskryf en daar word slegs verwag
dat die persoon van wie die saak teruggeeis word, genoegsame beheer daaroor moet
he om dit te kan teruggee. Die funksie van beheer is hier suiwer funksioneel. By die
verlies van eiendomsreg speel fisiese beheer nie juis 'n besondere rol nie aangesien
die verlies van beheer nie noodwendig op die verlies of beeindiging van eiendomsreg
dui nie. Wanneer dit wel ter sprake kom, is die funksie daarvan publisiteit.
In die geval van die verkryging van besit en houerskap, dien daarop gelet te word dat
die enigste vereiste is dat beheer effektief moet wees en dit word weer eens aan die
hand van verkeersmaatstawwe bepaal. Fisiese beheer word strenger omskryf vir
verkryging as vir behoud. By die beskerming van besit en houerskap is die enigste
vereiste wat gestel word dat beheer vreedsaam en ongestoord moes gewees het.
Wanneer beheer oor 'n saak verloor word, gaan dit gewoonlik gepaard met die verlies
van besit of houerskap. Die funksie van fisiese beheer is deurgaans publisiteit.
Fisiese beheer word redelik streng omskryf vir doeleindes van 'n gewone pand en
daar word gewoonlik vereis dat die pandsaak gelewer en gehou moet word vir die
vestiging en behoud van 'n pandreg. Die funksies van beheer is hier sekuriteit en
publisiteit. === This study examines the nature and role of physical control in the law of property with
a view to defining this concept and identifying its functions.
The only requirement for the acquisition of ownership is the exercise of effective physical
control of the thing in question. Whether or not a thing is physically under control, is
determined by the application of legal indicators deriving from use and custom. Such indicators
as have cristallised in practice in respect of certain classes of things, are flexible
and variable and enable the law to adjust to social and economical changes. The function
of physical control in cases of acquisition is always publicity. The definition of physical
control in cases of protection of ownership is particularly wide, the only requirement
being that the person from whom the thing is reclaimed must have sufficient physical
control of it to enable him to return it. The function of control is purely functional. Since
loss of control does not necessarily indicate the termination or loss of ownerhip, physical
control has no significant part to play in respect of loss, of ownership. Where it does
come into play, however, its function will be publicity.
In cases of acquisition of possession and holdership it is essential that physical control
of the thing is effective and once again this will be determined by application of legal
indicators. The definition of physical control is much narrower in respect of acquisition
than in respect of retention. The only requisite for the protection of possession and
holdership is peaceful and undisturbed physical control. Loss of control of a thing is
usually indicative of loss of possession or holdership. Throughout the function of control
is publicity.
Physical control is quite narrowly defined in cases of ordinary pledge insofar as delivery
and retention of the pledge object are usually required for the establishment and
continuation of the pledge. In this instance, physical control serves the functions of both
publicity and security. === Mercantile Law === LL.D.
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