| Summary: | Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. === ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The use of gas turbines in central receiver solar power plant cycles has become
an increasingly popular research topic. This has led to the need to
investigate and analyse the effect of the solar receiver on the gas turbine
cycle. The aim of this thesis is to construct an experimental gas turbine
setup to accommodate further research on utilizing solar energy to power
gas turbines. The gas turbine under consideration is the Rover Gas Turbines
1S/60. The focus of this investigation is the centrifugal compressor of the
gas turbine. An increase in static pressure is required for the gas turbine
to cope with anticipated pressure drops in the central receiver that will be
part of the gas turbine cycle. The standard compressor design is analysed
by means of 3-D (CFD) analysis using CFX® and experimental data. The
new centrifugal compressor is designed by means of 1-D and 3-D (CFD)
analysis using CompAero and CFX®. The aim is to design a compressor
that maximizes the total-to-static pressure ratio. The size of the compressor
is highly constrained by the geometry parameters of the gas turbine.
Since the turbine rotor will remain unchanged, the power input, mass flow
rate and rotational speed must stay the same. The experimental setup was
build and the numerical results of the standard compressor were validated
against the experimental results. A new centrifugal compressor was designed.
The total-to-static pressure ratio was increased from 2.50 to 3.30
at an operating speed of 46 krpm. The efficiency of the compressor was
improved from 63.8% to 85.6%. The input power of the new compressor
design deviated 1.6% from the set benchmark, and 1.3% from the numerical
data of the standard compressor. === AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gebruik van gasturbines in sonkragstasiesiklusse met ’n sentrale ontvanger
het gegroei tot ’n gewilde navorsingsonderwerp. Dit het gelei tot
die behoefte om die effek van die sonontvanger op die gasturbinesiklus te
ondersoek en te analiseer. Die doel van hierdie tesis is om ’n eksperimentele
gasturbine opstelling te bou vir verdere navorsing oor die benutting
van sonenergie om ’n gasturbine aan te dryf. Die gasturbine in oorweging
is die Rover Gas Turbines 1S/60. Die fokus van hierdie ondersoek is die
sentrifugale kompressor van die gasturbine. ’n Toename in statiese druk
word benodig vir die gasturbine om die verwagte drukverlies in die sentrale
ontvanger, wat deel uit maak van die gasturbinesiklus, te hanteer. Die
standaard kompressor ontwerp is geanaliseer deur middel van 3-D Berekenings
Vloeimeganika (BVM) analises met behulp van CFX® en eksperimentele
data. Die nuwe sentrifugale kompressor is ontwerp deur middel van
1-D en 3-D BVM analises met behulp van CompAero en CFX®. Die doel
is om ’n kompressor te ontwerp wat die totale-tot-statiese drukverhouding
maksimeer. Die grootte van die kompressor is beperk deur die geometrie
van die gasturbine omhulsel. Aangesien die turbinerotor onveranderd sal
bly, moet die insetdrywing, massa-vloeitempo en rotasiespoed dieselfde bly.
Die eksperimentele opstelling is gebou en die numeriese resultate van die
standaard kompressor is teenoor die eksperimentele resultate gevalideer.
’n Nuwe sentrifugale kompressor is ontwerp. Die totale-tot-statiese drukverhouding
is verhoog van 2.50 tot 3.30 teen ’n rotasiespoed van 46 000
omwentelings per minuut. Die doeltreffendheid van die kompressor is verbeter
van 63.8% tot 85.6%. Die insetdrywing van die nuwe kompressor ontwerp
het met 1.6% afgewyk van die vasgestelde maatstaf, en met 1.3% van
die numeriese data van die standaard kompressor.
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