| Summary: | Thesis (M.A.)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. === ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this study, a Multiple Baseline across People design was used with a
sample of 6 Fibromyalgia (FS) sufferers in order to evaluate the
efficacy of a multidimensional treatment programme on: pain intensity,
duration of pain experiences and intake of medication. The programme
which consisted of weekly 2 hourly sessions over a period of 6 weeks,
combined hypnotherapy and self-hypnosis with cognitive-behavioural
techniques. Attempts were made to customise interventions to the
specific needs of the individual. The following three hypotheses were
postulated: That introduction of the treatment programme would: 1)
reduce pain intensity levels; 2) reduce the duration of pain experiences
(average daily pain hours) thus minimising the interference of pain into
the lives of the patients; 3) reduce the intake of medication. All three
of the hypotheses are supported by the results. Graphs show that pain
intensity levels, average daily pain hours (duration) and intake of
medication clearly decreased over the treatment process from baseline
to follow up. For hypotheses 1 and 2, the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks
Test was applied which showed that the results were also statistically
significant. The study yielded qualitative information regarding two
areas of FS: 1) possible etiological factors contributing towards the
syndrome; 2) the elucidation of various therapeutic components
responsible for alleviating specific FS symptoms. In particular, the
study highlights the importance of targeting maladaptive cognitions
linked to pain experiences as well as of taking account of individual
interpersonal issues in the management of FS sufferers. An etiological
model is presented by the author which views FS within a systemic
framework III which vanous variables (psychological and
physiological) operating at the individual, environmental and
socio-cultural levels, interact to produce the syndrome. === AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie studie is van 'n Meervoudige Basislynontwerp met Mense
(''Multiple Baseline across People") gebruik gemaak om 'n steekproef
van 6 Fibromialgie (FS) pasiente te evalueer ten opsigte van
pynintensiteit, tydsduur van pynervarings en die inneem van medikasie.
Die program, 'n kombinasie van hipnose met kognitiewe
gedragstegnieke, het bestaan uit weeklikse sessies van 2 ure elk oor 'n
tydperk van 6 weke. Die intervensies wat plaasgevind het, was ook
gerig op die spesifieke behoeftes van die individu. Die volgende drie
hipoteses IS gestel, naamlik dat die toepassing van die
behandelingsprogram sou: 1) die pyn-intensiteitsvlakke verminder; 2)
die tydsduur van die pyn-ervarings verminder en die voorkoms van pyn
in die pasient se lewe minimaliseer; 3) die inname van medikasie
verminder. Al drie hipoteses is betekenisvolondersteun deur die
resultate. Die statistiese grafieke het getoon dat die
pyn-intensiteitsvlakke, die gemiddelde daaglikse pyn-ervaringsure en
die inname van medikasie, betekenisvol verminder het oor die
behandelingsperiode vanaf basislyn tot opvolgperiode. Die ''Wilcoxon
Signed Ranks Test" het ten opsigte van hipoteses 1 en 2 ook statisties
betekenisvolle resultate aangetoon. Die kwalitatiewe inligting vanuit die
ondersoek bekom, het twee aspekte rakende FS navore gebring,
naamlik: 1) die moontlike etiologiese faktore wat bedra tot die
sindroom en 2) 'n duideliker omlyning van die terapeutiese komponente
verantwoordelik vir die versagting van spesifieke FS simptome. In
besonder is die wanaangepaste kognisies geassosieer met pynervanrings
uitgelig, asook die interpersoonlike probleme wat FS pasiente ervaar in
die behandelingsprogram. 'n Etiologiese model, wat FS binne 'n
sisterniese raamwerk plaas, IS deur die navorser voorgestel.
Laasgenoemde model spreek die verskeidenheid van sielkundige en
fisiologiese veranderlikes, wat op die individu, omgewing en
sosiokulturele vlakke inwerk, op so 'n wyse aan dat dit die sindroom
meer verklaarbaar maak.
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