| Summary: | Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. === ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African wine industry has a history of super-exploitation. Wine farm
labour practices such as paternalism, tied housing, tied employment and the tot system
have maintained farm worker communities in a trapped and dependent position.
Within these trapped farm worker communities social pathologies such as alcohol
abuse, a highly unstable family life, illegitimacy and illiteracy are common. On an
individual level, members of these communities are predominantly low in selfconfidence,
self-esteem, self-reliance etc. On a communal level, domestic violence,
child battering, drunken brawls, knife stabbings etc. are common in farm worker
communities.
In response to these conditions in wine farm worker communities, a number of
initiatives have been launched within the South African wine industry. This research
study focuses on one of these initiatives, called the New Beginnings project. As one
of the first projects of its kind, it succeeded in releasing a farm worker community
from its trapped and dependent position. This was the outcome since the project
succeeded as a community development process.
The community development process is essentially about building or increasing social
capacity. The building of social capacity refers to a process whereby both agency and
solidarity are increased within a community. Agency or capacity building has to do
with the building of values, attitudes, knowledge, skills and personal qualities, e.g.
self-esteem and self-reliance, of individual community members, while solidarity has
to do with the building of cohesion, trustful relationships and connectivity among
various community members. The New Beginnings project illustrates that
community development practice that abide by guiding principles that aim to achieve
both agency and solidarity building within a community, would eventually result in
the sustainability of the project. === AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse wynbedryf het ‘n geskiedenis van super-eksploitasie.
Arbeidspraktyke soos paternalisme, gebonde behuising, gebonde indiensneming
asook die dopstelsel het verseker dat plaaswerker-gemeenskappe in ‘n gevange en
afhanklike posisie gehou word. Die gevolg is dat sosiale euwels soos alkoholmisbruik,
‘n hoogs onstabiele gesinslewe, onwettigheid asook ongeletterdheid
algemeen voorkom in hierdie gevange plaaswerker-gemeenskappe. Op ‘n
indiwiduele vlak, het die oorgrote meerderheid lede van hierdie gemeenskappe min
selfvertroue en selfwaarde. Op ‘n gemeenskaplike vlak, kom gesinsgeweld,
kindermishandeling, dronkmansbakleiery en messtekery algemeen voor in
plaaswerker-gemeenskappe.
As teenvoeter vir die bogenoemde toestande in plaaswerker-gemeenskappe, is
verskeie inisiatiewe aan die gang gesit in die Suid-Afrikaanse wynbedryf. Hierdie
navorsingstudie fokus op een van hierdie inisiatiewe, genaamd die ‘New Beginnings’
projek. As een van die eerste projekte van sy soort, het hierdie projek daarin geslaag
om ‘n plaaswerker-gemeenskap vanuit sy gevange en afhanklike posisie te bevry. Die
resultaat van die projek was juis moontlik omdat die projek as ‘n gemeenskapsontwikkelings-
proses geslaag het.
Die gemeenskaps-ontwikkelings-proses gaan hoofsaaklik oor die bou of
vermeerdering van sosiale kapasiteit. Die bou van sosiale kapasiteit verwys na ‘n
proses waartydens beide agentskap en solidariteit binne ‘n gemeenskap vermeerder
word. Agentskap of kapasiteitsbou het te make met die skep van waardes, houdings,
kennis, vaardighede asook persoonlike eienskappe, bv. selfwaarde en selfstandigheid,
van indiwiduele gemeenskapslede, terwyl solidariteit te doen het met die bou of skep
van samehorigheid, betroubare verhoudings en ‘n eenheidsgevoel tussen verskeie
gemeenskapslede. Die ‘New Beginnings’ projek wys dat gemeenskapsontwikkelings-
praktyk wat hou by die riglyne om beide agentskap en solidariteit
binne ‘n gemeenskap te bou, uiteindelik tot die volhoubaarheid van die projek
aanleiding sal gee.
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