Wide-Range Highly-Efficient Wireless Power Receivers for Implantable Biomedical Sensors

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is the key enabler for a myriad of applications, from low-power RFIDs, and wireless sensors, to wirelessly charged electric vehicles, and even massive power transmission from space solar cells. One of the major challenges in designing implantable biomedical devices is...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Ouda, Mahmoud
Other Authors: Salama, Khaled N.
Language:en
Published: 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:Ouda, M. (2016). Wide-Range Highly-Efficient Wireless Power Receivers for Implantable Biomedical Sensors. KAUST Research Repository. https://doi.org/10.25781/KAUST-RN8IT
http://hdl.handle.net/10754/621866
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spelling ndltd-kaust.edu.sa-oai-repository.kaust.edu.sa-10754-6218662021-08-30T05:09:27Z Wide-Range Highly-Efficient Wireless Power Receivers for Implantable Biomedical Sensors Ouda, Mahmoud Salama, Khaled N. Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division Alshareef, Husam N. Shamim, Atif Volakis, John AC-to-DC power converter Adaptive rectifier Implantable devices RF energy harvesting RFID wireless powering Wireless power transfer (WPT) is the key enabler for a myriad of applications, from low-power RFIDs, and wireless sensors, to wirelessly charged electric vehicles, and even massive power transmission from space solar cells. One of the major challenges in designing implantable biomedical devices is the size and lifetime of the battery. Thus, replacing the battery with a miniaturized wireless power receiver (WPRx) facilitates designing sustainable biomedical implants in smaller volumes for sentient medical applications. In the first part of this dissertation, we propose a miniaturized, fully integrated, wirelessly powered implantable sensor with on-chip antenna, designed and implemented in a standard 0.18μm CMOS process. As a batteryless device, it can be implanted once inside the body with no need for further invasive surgeries to replace batteries. The proposed single-chip solution is designed for intraocular pressure monitoring (IOPM), and can serve as a sustainable platform for implantable devices or IoT nodes. A custom setup is developed to test the chip in a saline solution with electrical properties similar to those of the aqueous humor of the eye. The proposed chip, in this eye-like setup, is wirelessly charged to 1V from a 5W transmitter 3cm away from the chip. In the second part, we propose a self-biased, differential rectifier with enhanced efficiency over an extended range of input power. A prototype is designed for the medical implant communication service (MICS) band at 433MHz. It demonstrates an efficiency improvement of more than 40% in the rectifier power conversion efficiency (PCE) and a dynamic range extension of more than 50% relative to the conventional cross-coupled rectifier. A sensitivity of -15.2dBm input power for 1V output voltage and a peak PCE of 65% are achieved for a 50k load. In the third part, we propose a wide-range, differential RF-to-DC power converter using an adaptive, self-biasing technique. The proposed architecture doubles the dynamic range of conventional rectifiers. Unlike the continuously self-biased rectifier proposed in the second part, this adaptive rectifier extends the dynamic range while maintaining both the high PCE peak and the sensitivity advantage of the conventional cross-coupled scheme, and can operates in the GHz range. 2016-11-23T06:18:33Z 2017-12-01T00:00:00Z 2016-11 Dissertation Ouda, M. (2016). Wide-Range Highly-Efficient Wireless Power Receivers for Implantable Biomedical Sensors. KAUST Research Repository. https://doi.org/10.25781/KAUST-RN8IT 10.25781/KAUST-RN8IT http://hdl.handle.net/10754/621866 en 2017-12-01 At the time of archiving, the student author of this dissertation opted to temporarily restrict access to it. The full text of this dissertation became available to the public after the expiration of the embargo on 2017-12-01.
collection NDLTD
language en
sources NDLTD
topic AC-to-DC power converter
Adaptive rectifier
Implantable devices
RF energy harvesting
RFID
wireless powering
spellingShingle AC-to-DC power converter
Adaptive rectifier
Implantable devices
RF energy harvesting
RFID
wireless powering
Ouda, Mahmoud
Wide-Range Highly-Efficient Wireless Power Receivers for Implantable Biomedical Sensors
description Wireless power transfer (WPT) is the key enabler for a myriad of applications, from low-power RFIDs, and wireless sensors, to wirelessly charged electric vehicles, and even massive power transmission from space solar cells. One of the major challenges in designing implantable biomedical devices is the size and lifetime of the battery. Thus, replacing the battery with a miniaturized wireless power receiver (WPRx) facilitates designing sustainable biomedical implants in smaller volumes for sentient medical applications. In the first part of this dissertation, we propose a miniaturized, fully integrated, wirelessly powered implantable sensor with on-chip antenna, designed and implemented in a standard 0.18μm CMOS process. As a batteryless device, it can be implanted once inside the body with no need for further invasive surgeries to replace batteries. The proposed single-chip solution is designed for intraocular pressure monitoring (IOPM), and can serve as a sustainable platform for implantable devices or IoT nodes. A custom setup is developed to test the chip in a saline solution with electrical properties similar to those of the aqueous humor of the eye. The proposed chip, in this eye-like setup, is wirelessly charged to 1V from a 5W transmitter 3cm away from the chip. In the second part, we propose a self-biased, differential rectifier with enhanced efficiency over an extended range of input power. A prototype is designed for the medical implant communication service (MICS) band at 433MHz. It demonstrates an efficiency improvement of more than 40% in the rectifier power conversion efficiency (PCE) and a dynamic range extension of more than 50% relative to the conventional cross-coupled rectifier. A sensitivity of -15.2dBm input power for 1V output voltage and a peak PCE of 65% are achieved for a 50k load. In the third part, we propose a wide-range, differential RF-to-DC power converter using an adaptive, self-biasing technique. The proposed architecture doubles the dynamic range of conventional rectifiers. Unlike the continuously self-biased rectifier proposed in the second part, this adaptive rectifier extends the dynamic range while maintaining both the high PCE peak and the sensitivity advantage of the conventional cross-coupled scheme, and can operates in the GHz range.
author2 Salama, Khaled N.
author_facet Salama, Khaled N.
Ouda, Mahmoud
author Ouda, Mahmoud
author_sort Ouda, Mahmoud
title Wide-Range Highly-Efficient Wireless Power Receivers for Implantable Biomedical Sensors
title_short Wide-Range Highly-Efficient Wireless Power Receivers for Implantable Biomedical Sensors
title_full Wide-Range Highly-Efficient Wireless Power Receivers for Implantable Biomedical Sensors
title_fullStr Wide-Range Highly-Efficient Wireless Power Receivers for Implantable Biomedical Sensors
title_full_unstemmed Wide-Range Highly-Efficient Wireless Power Receivers for Implantable Biomedical Sensors
title_sort wide-range highly-efficient wireless power receivers for implantable biomedical sensors
publishDate 2016
url Ouda, M. (2016). Wide-Range Highly-Efficient Wireless Power Receivers for Implantable Biomedical Sensors. KAUST Research Repository. https://doi.org/10.25781/KAUST-RN8IT
http://hdl.handle.net/10754/621866
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