Hybrid fiber-silicon multi-wavelength laser.

• Other Authors: Fung, Ka Yan.
• Format: Others
• Language: English; Chinese
• Published: 2012
• Subjects: Photonics > Materials; Silicon > Optical properties
• Online Access: http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5549121; http://repository.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/en/item/cuhk-328542

近年在矽光子學方面的研究日漸增多，主要原因是在高效能電腦，低成本通訊接取網絡及集成光學感應器等各方面有很大的潛在應用。以矽為原材料的各種光學器件已經被廣泛研究，包括電光調制器，光感應器和各式各樣主動及被動器件。但是由於矽是一種間接能隙的物質，即是由電子激發的電子電洞的結合是屬於非輻射躍遷，所以不可以得到光放大和激光器的效果。為了製作集成激光器，已經有很多不同的研究方案，例如在矽波導上摻雜鉺或是混合集成矽和-族半導體。在這篇論文中，我們提出並且論証了一個創新的方案去製作由光纖和矽波導混合而成的激光器，大大簡化了設計和生產過程。 === 在論文中，我們會集中討論選取光波長的器件及整體結構的設計。在首次的結構設計上，我們利用了分佈在矽波導兩側的布拉格反射鏡作為選取光波長的器件和一小段以鉺摻雜的光纖作為放大器。我們將會詳細形容該器件的設計、模擬效果和實驗結果。我們已經透過實驗証明了單波長的光纖－矽波導混合激光器，其側模抑制超過35分貝。 === 另一方面，為了製作多波長的光纖－矽波導混合激光器，我們利用微環諧震器來取代分佈在矽波導兩側的布拉格反射鏡作為選取光波長的器件。我們將會討論微環諧震器的設計以及達到穩定多波長的光纖和矽波導混合激光器的設計要求。 === Motivated by potential applications for optical interconnects in high performance computing, low cost optical access networks in telecommunications and integrated optical sensors, there has been much research in recent years on silicon photonics. Different silicon-based photonic devices have been studied, including optical modulators, detectors and various types of active and passive components. However, since the bandgap of silicon is indirect, the recombination of carriers injected by electrical pumping is dominated by non-radiative transitions and thus it is not possible to get optical gain via current injection into silicon diodes. === To implement integrated laser, different approaches such as erbium doping on silicon waveguide and hybrid integration of III-V semiconductors on silicon have been investigated. In this thesis, we propose and demonstrate a novel approach for making a hybrid fiber-silicon laser to simplify the design and fabrication processes. We propose the use of Erbium-doped fiber (EDF) to provide gain and silicon devices to provide all the other functionalities needed for a modulated laser. === The thesis focuses on the design of wavelength selective element and the structure of hybrid fiber-silicon laser. The first design includes a silicon waveguide side-cladding distributed Bragg reflector (WSC-DBR) as the wavelength selective component on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer and a short length of EDF as the gain medium. The details of design, simulation and experimental results of the WSC-DBR will be described. Single wavelength WSC-DBR hybrid fiber-silicon laser is demonstrated with a side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of over 35dB. === We also investigate the use of a micro-ring resonator to replace WSC-DBR for selecting multiple wavelengths. Details of the micro-ring resonator are given and we discuss the requirement and design criteria to achieve stable multi-wavelength lasing. === Detailed summary in vernacular field only. === Detailed summary in vernacular field only. === Detailed summary in vernacular field only. === Fung, Ka Yan. === Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. === Includes bibliographical references. === Abstracts also in Chinese. === ABSTRACTOF THESIS ENTITLED: --- p.ii === ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.v === TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.vii === Chapter 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.10 === Chapter 1.1 --- Photonic Integrated Circuits --- p.10 === Chapter 1.2 --- Silicon Photonics --- p.13 === Chapter 1.3 --- Lasers in Silicon --- p.20 === Chapter 1.4 --- Motivation --- p.27 === Chapter 1.5 --- References --- p.29 === Chapter 2 --- ERBIUM DOPED FIEBR AND FIBER LASERS --- p.34 === Chapter 2.1 --- Erbium doped fiber --- p.34 === Chapter 2.2 --- Multi-wavelength lasers --- p.45 === Chapter 2.3 --- References --- p.54 === Chapter 3 --- SINGLE CHANNEL HYBRID FIBER-SILICON LASER --- p.59 === Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction of Distributed Bragg reflector --- p.60 === Chapter 3.2 --- Design of waveguide side-cladding distributed Bragg reflector --- p.63 === Chapter 3.3 --- Simulation results of waveguide side-cladding distributed Bragg reflector --- p.66 === Chapter 3.4 --- Device fabrication --- p.69 === Chapter 3.5 --- Experimental results of waveguide side-cladding distributed Bragg reflector --- p.71 === Chapter 3.6 --- Experimental results of hybrid fiber-silicon laser --- p.77 === Chapter 3.7 --- Introduction of micro-ring resonator --- p.81 === Chapter 3.8 --- Design of race track micro-ring resonator --- p.85 === Chapter 3.9 --- Experimental results of race track micro-ring resonator --- p.88 === Chapter 3.10 --- Experimental results of hybrid fiber-silicon laser with ring resonator --- p.95 === Chapter 3.11 --- Summary --- p.99 === Chapter 3.12 --- References --- p.101 === Chapter 4 --- DUAL WAVELENGTH HYBRID FIBER SILICON LASER --- p.102 === Chapter 4.1 --- Design of micro-ring resonator for dual wavelength --- p.103 === Chapter 4.2 --- Experimental results of micro-ring resonator --- p.104 === Chapter 4.3 --- Experimental results of dual wavelength hybrid fiber-silicon laser --- p.108 === Chapter 4.4 --- Summary --- p.119 === Chapter 4.5 --- References --- p.121 === Chapter 5 --- DUAL WAVELENGTH VERTICAL GRATING COUPLER --- p.123 === Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction of grating coupler --- p.123 === Chapter 5.2 --- Design of dual wavelength vertical grating coupler --- p.125 === Chapter 5.3 --- Simulation of dual wavelength vertical grating coupler --- p.127 === Chapter 5.4 --- Experimental results of dual wavelength vertical grating coupler --- p.135 === Chapter 5.5 --- Summary --- p.138 === Chapter 5.6 --- References --- p.139 === Chapter 6 --- CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK --- p.141 === Chapter 6.1 --- Conclusion --- p.141 === Chapter 6.2 --- Future work --- p.144 === Chapter 6.3 --- References --- p.146 === Chapter APPENDIX A: --- PUBLICATION LIST --- p.147 === Chapter APPENDIX B: --- LIST OF TABLES --- p.149 === Chapter APPENDIX C: --- LIST OF FIGURES --- p.150 === Chapter APPENDIX D: --- METHODS OF LINEWIDTH MEASUREMENT --- p.155 === Chapter APPENDIX E: --- EQUIPMENT INFORMATION --- p.164