Optical waveguides and devices in lithium niobate by the Proton exchange process.

• Other Authors: Loi, Kwok Kwong.
• Format: Others
• Language: English
• Published: Chinese University of Hong Kong 1992
• Subjects: Optical wave guides; Lithium niobate
• Online Access: http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5886984; http://repository.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/en/item/cuhk-318965

by Loi Kwok Kwong. === Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. === Includes bibliographical references (leaves 197-222). === Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 === Chapter 1.1 --- An Overview of Integrated Optics --- p.1 === Chapter 1.2 --- Application of Lithium Niobate Integrated Optical Circuit --- p.4 === Chapter 1.3 --- Summary --- p.5 === Chapter Chapter 2 --- Optical Waveguide Theory --- p.7 === Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.7 === Chapter 2.2 --- Ray Optics Treatment of Planar Waveguide --- p.7 === Chapter 2.2.1 --- Step-index Waveguide --- p.8 === Chapter 2.2.2 --- Graded-index Waveguide --- p.13 === Chapter 2.3 --- Optical Channel Waveguide --- p.20 === Chapter 2.3.1 --- Marcatili's Method --- p.22 === Chapter 2.3.2 --- Effective Index Method --- p.26 === Chapter 2.4 --- Summary --- p.30 === Chapter Chapter 3 --- Waveguide Fabrication Technology --- p.32 === Chapter 3.1 --- Properties of Substrate Materials --- p.32 === Chapter 3.1.1 --- Glass --- p.32 === Chapter 3.1.2 --- Semiconductor --- p.34 === Chapter 3.1.3 --- Ferroelectric Material --- p.35 === Chapter 3.2 --- Waveguide Fabrication Techniques --- p.40 === Chapter 3.2.1 --- Ion Implantation --- p.40 === Chapter 3.2.2 --- Titanium Indiffusion --- p.41 === Chapter 3.2.3 --- Proton Exchange --- p.44 === Chapter 3.3 --- Summary --- p.48 === Chapter Chapter 4 --- Fabrication and Measurement of Optical Waveguides --- p.49 === Chapter 4.1 --- Fabrication of Optical Waveguides --- p.49 === Chapter 4.1.1 --- Planar Waveguides --- p.49 === Chapter 4.1.1.1 --- Substrate Cutting --- p.49 === Chapter 4.1.1.2 --- Substrate Cleaning --- p.49 === Chapter 4.1.1.3 --- Proton Exchange --- p.50 === Chapter 4.1.1.4 --- Post-exchange Annealing --- p.51 === Chapter 4.1.2 --- Channel Waveguides --- p.51 === Chapter 4.1.2.1 --- Patterning Technique: Photolithography and Lift-off --- p.51 === Chapter 4.1.2.2 --- Proton Exchange and Annealing --- p.56 === Chapter 4.1.2.3 --- Lapping and Polishing --- p.56 === Chapter 4.2 --- Measurement of Waveguide Parameters --- p.57 === Chapter 4.2.1 --- Coupling of Light into Optical Waveguide --- p.57 === Chapter 4.2.1.1 --- Prism Coupling --- p.58 === Chapter 4.2.1.2 --- End-fire Coupling --- p.60 === Chapter 4.2.2 --- Effective Index --- p.63 === Chapter 4.2.3 --- Refractive Index Profile --- p.63 === Chapter 4.2.4 --- Waveguide Depth --- p.67 === Chapter 4.2.5 --- Propagation Loss --- p.67 === Chapter 4.2.6 --- Near-field Intensity Profile --- p.69 === Chapter 4.3 --- Summary --- p.74 === Chapter Chapter 5 --- Results and Discussions --- p.75 === Chapter 5.1 --- Proton-exchanged Waveguides Using Phosphoric Acid --- p.75 === Chapter 5.2 --- Proton-exchanged LiNb03 Waveguides Using Toluic Acid --- p.112 === Chapter 5.3 --- Proton-exchanged LiNb03 Waveguides Using Stearic Acid --- p.127 === Chapter 5.4 --- Proton-exchanged LiNb03 Waveguides Using Cinnamic Acid --- p.148 === Chapter 5.5 --- Structural Characteristics of Proton-exchanged Waveguides --- p.174 === Chapter 5.5.1 --- Thermogravimetric Analysis --- p.174 === Chapter 5.5.2 --- Raman Spectroscopy --- p.174 === Chapter 5.5.3 --- Infrared Spectrometry --- p.179 === Chapter 5.5.4 --- Double Crystal X-ray Diffractometry --- p.185 === Chapter 5.6 --- Summary --- p.190 === Chapter Chapter 6 --- Conclusions --- p.192 === References --- p.197 === Chapter Appendix 1 --- Error Estimations --- p.219 === Chapter Appendix 2 --- List of Publications --- p.221