Cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes of flammulina velutipes.

• Other Authors: Cheung, Pui Yi.
• Format: Others
• Language: English
• Published: Chinese University of Hong Kong 1994
• Subjects: Flammulina velutipes > Growth; Cellulose > Biodegradation; Hemicellulose > Biodegradation; Enzymes > Analysis; Edible mushrooms > Growth
• Online Access: http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887298; http://repository.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/en/item/cuhk-318085

by Cheung Pui Yi. === Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. === Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-135). === Abstract --- p.ii === Acknowledgements --- p.iv === List of Tables --- p.viii === List of Figures --- p.ix === List of Abbreviations --- p.xiii === Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction === Chapter 1.1 --- General Background --- p.1 === Chapter 1.2 --- Occurrence and Structure of Cellulose --- p.1 === Chapter 1.3 --- Occurrence and Structure of Hemicelluloses --- p.4 === Chapter 1.4 --- Biodegradation of Cellulose and Hemicelluloses --- p.4 === Chapter 1.4.1 --- Cellulolytic and Hemicellulolytic Microorganisms --- p.4 === Chapter 1.4.2 --- Enzymes Involved in Cellulose Degradation --- p.10 === Chapter 1.4.2.1 --- "Endo-1,4-β-glucanases" --- p.12 === Chapter 1.4.2.2 --- "Exo-1,4-β-glucanases" --- p.14 === Chapter 1.4.2.3 --- β-Glucosidases --- p.16 === Chapter 1.4.2.4 --- Oxidative Enzymes --- p.18 === Chapter 1.4.3 --- Synergistic Action between Cellulolytic Enzymes --- p.19 === Chapter 1.4.4 --- Enzymes Involved in Hemicellulose Degradation --- p.21 === Chapter 1.4.4.1 --- "Endo-1,4-β-xylanases" --- p.22 === Chapter 1.4.4.2 --- β-Xylosidases --- p.24 === Chapter 1.4.4.3 --- Other Xylanolytic Enzymes --- p.24 === Chapter 1.4.5 --- Synergistic Action between Hemicellulolytic Enzymes --- p.25 === Chapter 1.5 --- Flammulina velutipes --- p.26 === Chapter 1.6 --- Aims of the Present Investigation --- p.27 === Chapter Chapter 2 --- Materials and Methods === Chapter 2.1 --- Organism --- p.28 === Chapter 2.2 --- Culture Medium --- p.28 === Chapter 2.3 --- Determination of the Optimal Growth pH of Flammulina velutipes --- p.29 === Chapter 2.4 --- "Preparation of Inoculum, Cultivation and Harvest of Fungal Cultures" --- p.30 === Chapter 2.5 --- Enzyme Assays --- p.30 === Chapter 2.5.1 --- "Exo-1,4-β-glucanase" --- p.30 === Chapter 2.5.2 --- "Endo-1,4-β-glucanase" --- p.31 === Chapter 2.5.3 --- "Endo-1,4-β-xylanase" --- p.34 === Chapter 2.5.4 --- Extracellular β-Glucosidase --- p.36 === Chapter 2.5.5 --- Cell-Associated β-Glucosidase --- p.38 === Chapter 2.5.6 --- Extracellular β-Xylosidase --- p.38 === Chapter 2.5.7 --- Cell-Associated β-Xylosidase --- p.38 === Chapter 2.6 --- Determination of Optimal Temperatures for Cellulolytic and Xylanolytic Enzymes --- p.39 === Chapter 2.7 --- Determination of the Optimal pH for Enzyme Reaction --- p.39 === Chapter 2.8 --- Protein Determination --- p.39 === Chapter 2.9 --- Determination of Enzyme Induction Patterns --- p.42 === Chapter 2.10 --- Elucidation of Cellulase Production Patterns in F. velutipes --- p.43 === Chapter 2.10.1 --- Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis --- p.43 === Chapter 2.10.2 --- Activity Staining for Endoglucanases --- p.43 === Chapter 2.10.3 --- Activity Staining for β-Glucosidases --- p.44 === Chapter 2.10.4 --- Protein Staining --- p.44 === Chapter 2.10.5 --- Preparative Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis --- p.44 === Chapter 2.10.6 --- Separation of Proteins and Partial Purification of Different Cellulase Species after Preparative Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis --- p.45 === Chapter Chapter 3 --- Results === Chapter 3.1 --- Determination of the Optimal pH for Fungal Growth --- p.46 === Chapter 3.2 --- Determination of the Optimal Temperature for Cellulolytic and Xylanolytic Enzyme Activity --- p.48 === Chapter 3.3 --- Determination of the Optimal pH for Enzyme Reaction --- p.64 === Chapter 3.4 --- Time Course Experiments on the Production of Cellulolytic and Hemicellulolytic Enzymes --- p.72 === Chapter 3.4.1 --- Production of Cellulolytic Enzymes --- p.72 === Chapter 3.4.2 --- Production of Hemicellulolytic Enzymes --- p.77 === Chapter 3.5 --- Determination of Enzyme Induction Patterns --- p.82 === Chapter 3.5.1 --- Induction of Exoglucanase Production --- p.82 === Chapter 3.5.2 --- Induction of Endoglucanase Production --- p.84 === Chapter 3.5.3 --- Induction of Extracellular β-Glucosidase Production --- p.86 === Chapter 3.5.4 --- Induction of β-Xylanase Production --- p.88 === Chapter 3.5.5 --- Induction of Extracellular β-Xylosidase Production --- p.90 === Chapter 3.5.6 --- Changes in Extracellular Protein Levels in DMS Media Supplemented with Different Substrates --- p.92 === Chapter 3.5.7 --- Changes in Reducing Sugar Levels in DMS Media Supplemented with Different Substrates --- p.94 === Chapter 3.6 --- Partial Purification of Different Cellulases Species Produced by Flammulina velutipes --- p.96 === Chapter 3.6.1 --- Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis --- p.96 === Chapter 3.6.2 --- Activity Staining for Endoglucanases --- p.96 === Chapter 3.6.3 --- Activity Staining for β-Glucosidases --- p.96 === Chapter 3.6.4 --- Assay of Cellulolytic Enzymes after Preparative Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis --- p.101 === Chapter Chapter 4 --- Discussion === Chapter 4.1 --- Optimal Conditions for Cellulolytic and Hemicellulolytic Enzymes of F. velutipes --- p.105 === Chapter 4.1.1 --- Optimal Temperature for Enzymic Reaction --- p.105 === Chapter 4.1.2 --- Optimal pH for Enzymic Reaction --- p.106 === Chapter 4.2 --- Production of Cellulolytic and Hemicellulolytic Enzymes --- p.109 === Chapter 4.2.1 --- Production of Cellulolytic Enzymes --- p.109 === Chapter 4.2.2 --- Production of Hemicellulolytic Enzymes --- p.110 === Chapter 4.3 --- Enzyme Induction Patterns --- p.111 === Chapter 4.4 --- Partial Purification of Different Cellulase Species Produced by Flammulina velutipes --- p.116 === Chapter 4.5 --- Conclusion --- p.121 === Chapter 4.6 --- Further Studies --- p.123 === List of References --- p.124