Developing and Validating the Chinese Spiritual Intelligence Scale with a Sample of Higher Education Students in Hong Kong

• Other Authors: Chan, Wing Yan Arita (author.)
• Format: Others
• Language: English; Chinese
• Published: 2016
• Online Access: http://repository.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/en/item/cuhk-1292152

現今香港大學生出現不同的心理健康問題。研究發現靈性智商(SI)與心理健康呈正相關；然而，現在仍缺少一份具信度及效度的量表來評估香港大學生的SI。故此，本研究的目的在於發展出一份能符合香港大學生特質的靈性智商量表。研究分為三個階段，第一階段旨在探索香港人如何定義靈性智商，並藉所得的資料初步編定靈性智商量表的項目。此階段選取28位具不同宗教背景的人士進行訪談，從中暸解他們對SI的見解。然後，採用比較性及歸納性的分析方法，得出SI的八個範疇︰社會和諧和影響、道德、個人生命意義、情感能力、與更高力量的連繫、存在主義的思維、對真相與自我的反思，以及練習；並藉著此等範疇，發展出一份有62項的中國靈性智商量表(CSIS)。第二階段的目的是修定量表項目，並確定其因子結構。共219位香港大學生完成CSIS，經過數次探索性因子分析後，發展了一個含29項目6因子模型的CSIS。本研究的第三階段對此模型進行驗證。共283位未參與第二階段的香港大學生完成了修訂的CSIS、生命意義量表、自我構念量表、 生活滿意度量表、 心理健康量表、情緒狀態量表，以及情緒智商量表。利用驗證性因子分析評鑑該29項目6因子模型能否適合當前樣本。由於6個因子間部份的相關指數過高，便提出了一個4 因子模型。探索性因子分析結果支持一個含23項目4因子模型，驗證性因子分析進一步驗證了此模型。另外，CSIS全量表及其四個分量表均顯示良好的內部一致性信度。CSIS也與生命意義、自我構念、生活滿意度、心理健康、積極的情緒，及情緒智商呈現正相關，顯示CSIS具結構效度。迴歸分析結果亦反映SI能獨立預測心理健康、生活滿意度，及積極的情緒。本研究的結果顯示CSIS具有內部一致性信度、結構效度，及模型適合度。 基於CSIS是首份發展出可用作評估香港大學生SI的量表，未來的研究可進一步驗證CSIS或檢測是否需對其內容作出修改。 === Hong Kong university students have shown various psychological health problems. Spiritual intelligence (SI) has been found to have a positive correlation with mental well-being. However, a reliable measure to assess SI in Hong Kong students is lacking. The present study, which comprised three phases, aimed to develop a scale of SI that could meet the characteristics of Hong Kong university students. Phase 1 aimed to explore the meaning of SI in Hong Kong and to develop the preliminary scale of SI. Twenty-eight participants, with or without religion, were interviewed about their understanding of SI. Adopting comparative and inductive techniques, eight categories of SI were revealed: Social Harmony and Influence, Morality, Personal Life Meaning, Emotional Competence, Connection to Higher Power, Existential Thinking, Reflection on Truth and Self, and Practice. A 62-item Chinese Spiritual Intelligence Scale (CSIS) was developed based on these categories. Phase 2 aimed to finalize the items of the CSIS and determine its factor structure. Two hundred and nineteen university students completed the CSIS. Several exploratory factor analyses led to a 29-item six-factor model for CSIS and the model was evaluated in Phase 3. Another sample of 283 Hong Kong university students completed the revised version of CSIS, together with other questionnaires on life meaning, metapersonal self-construal, life satisfaction, mental health, mood states, and emotional intelligence. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine whether the 29-item six-factor model fit the current sample. As high correlations were shown among some of the six factors, a four-factor model was proposed. The EFA result supported a 23-item four-factor model and the CFA further validated the model. The full scale of CSIS and its four subscales had good internal reliability. The CSIS was also positively correlated with measures of life meaning, metapersonal self-construal, life satisfaction, mental health, positive mood, and emotional intelligence, indicating reasonable construct validity for the CSIS. The regression analysis showed that SI was a unique predictor for mental well-being, life satisfaction, and positive mood. The CSIS is the first measure developed to assess SI in Hong Kong university students. The analysis in the present study supported the internal reliability, construct validity, and model fit of the CSIS. However, future studies are needed to further validate the scale or examine whether modification of the scale is needed. === Chan, Wing Yan Arita. === Thesis Ed.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2016. === Includes bibliographical references (leaves ). === Abstracts also in Chinese. === Title from PDF title page (viewed on …). === Detailed summary in vernacular field only.