Characterisation of prostaglandin E receptors

• Main Author: Matthews, Jane Simone
• Published: University of Edinburgh 1993
• Subjects: 615.1
• Online Access: http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.657443

Prostaglandin (PG) E<SUB>2</SUB> has been shown to act on at least three distinct receptor subtypes, designated EP<SUB>1</SUB>, EP<SUB>2</SUB> and EP<SUB>3</SUB>, with recent evidence suggesting the possibility of a fourth EP-receptor subtype. Whilst good antagonists are not available, a range of PGE analogues of differing selectivity for the three receptor subtypes may be used to determine which is effective in a given system. The activity of these analogues has not yet been assessed on the putative EP<SUB>4</SUB>-receptor containing preparation. This research has involved the use of such compounds in an <i>in vivo</i> model of rabbit-skin inflammation, and biochemical studies on both platelets and cultured macrophages, to determine the subtype(s) of PGE receptor mediating the pro-inflammatory, pro-aggregatory, and anti-inflammatory effects, respectively, of PGE<SUB>2</SUB>. Whilst PGE<SUB>2</SUB> alone had little effect on rabbit skin inflammation, potentiation of vascular permeability induced by mediators of inflammation, such as bradykinin (BK) and FMLP was observed. The potentiation has been attributed to the vasodilator activity of PGE<SUB>2</SUB> which is typically mediated via the EP<SUB>2</SUB>-receptor subtype. However the finding that compounds with both EP<SUB>2</SUB>- and EP<SUB>3</SUB>-receptor activity were the most active, suggested that vasodilatation was not the sole mechanism of the potentiation. A comparison of the ability of PGE<SUB>2</SUB> and the stable PGI<SUB>2</SUB> analogue, cicaprost, to induce vasodilatation and potentiate the responses to both BK and FMLP, was consistent with this suggestion. It has since been proposed that there is an initial EP<SUB>3</SUB>-receptor mediated, dilatation-independent component to the potentiation of BK by PGE<SUB>2</SUB>.