| Summary: | A reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by the energy sector is required to decelerate global warming. With the domestic sector being the biggest energy consumer, a great amount of saving potential is available in the operation of dwellings. This thesis is proposing to improve domestic energy efficiency by combining energy saving control measures designed to be made by occupants and automation systems, called Combined Occupant and Automation Control (COAC). It highlights that the occupant’s position is necessary to effectively integrate both of those conservation methods. Three unobtrusive domestic occupant detection technologies were identified and compared for this purpose. Device-free Localisation (DfL), an emerging technology, which was found to be the most suited for a COAC system, was then investigated further by the means of a series of technical experiments. A questionnaire, investigating user perception of DfL and of COAC systems, was conducted. Furthermore, case studies were undertaken, during which three dwellings with real occupants received prototypes of a COAC system, consisting of automated washing appliances and a smart pricing scheme. As part of these case studies, semi-structured interviews were conducted. User preferences with regards to the COAC system’s interface and operation were established. Also, behavioural changes, induced by occupant control methods, were observed. The different studies furthermore found that financial gain was the main incentive to save energy. Automation system’s support in conserving energy was demonstrated to be distinctly appreciated and although security and privacy concerns were prevalent, DfL’s support was also permitted. Furthermore, guidance was developed for DfL setup and operation, especially with regards to using an automation system’s infrastructure for this purpose. In conclusion, this research suggests that the novel concept of integrating DfL and COAC meets the technical and practical requirements for general adoption, and hence provides another tool in the race against global warming.
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