| Summary: | Flow Injection (FI) techniques for use with Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) have attracted considerable research interest for sample introduction and calibration strategies. The interest continues in on-line preconcentration and matrix modification which are carried out by the incorporation of liquid-liquid extraction, ion-exchange, immobilised reagents, gas/vapour generation and continuous precipitation-filtration devices into suitably designed manifolds. Indirect determination of inorganic anions and organic compounds is becoming routine by FI–flame AAS. The direct analysis of solid samples, which is a shortcoming of flame AAS, was recently carried out by on-line electrolytic dissolutions.
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