Genetic and Environmental Influences on Associations Among Multiple Sleep Parameters, Weight Indicators and Weight Status, and Effortful Control in Young Twins

abstract: Prior research has established associations between sleep duration and body mass index (BMI) scores and risk for obesity in middle childhood, but it is less clear whether other objectively- and subjectively-measured sleep indicators may be associated with BMI scores, weight status (e.g., o...

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Other Authors: Breitenstein, Reagan Styles (Author)
Format: Doctoral Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53721
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spelling ndltd-asu.edu-item-537212019-05-16T03:01:40Z Genetic and Environmental Influences on Associations Among Multiple Sleep Parameters, Weight Indicators and Weight Status, and Effortful Control in Young Twins abstract: Prior research has established associations between sleep duration and body mass index (BMI) scores and risk for obesity in middle childhood, but it is less clear whether other objectively- and subjectively-measured sleep indicators may be associated with BMI scores, weight status (e.g., obesity), and other estimates of weight and body fat such as waist circumference (WC) and percent body fat. Empirical studies have also demonstrated independent associations between broad self-regulation and sleep indicators and BMI scores, but no study to date has tested these factors in a model together and the extent to which associations between normative sleep problems, weight indicators, and effortful control (EC) may be explained by shared genetic or environmental influences. Data from a large longitudinal study of twins was used to test phenotypic associations between sleep problems at eight years and weight indicators at nine years, including whether EC at eight years moderates these associations. Additionally, multiple quantitative behavior genetic models were used to estimate unique and shared genetic and environmental covariances among normative sleep problems, weight indicators, and EC at eight years of age and whether additive genetic influence on weight in middle childhood differs by child weight status group. Phenotypic findings showed that greater sleep duration at eight years predicted greater decreases BMI at nine years of age for children with low levels of EC at eight years. Greater sleep midpoint variability at eight years predicted greater increases in percent body fat from eight to nine years of age for children with low EC at eight years. Behavior genetic findings showed greater environmental influences on parent-reported sleep duration and quality, as well as objective sleep midpoint variability. Similarly, associations between parent-reported sleep duration and sleep midpoint variability and other sleep indicators and EC were primarily accounted for by shared environmental factors. In contrast, there was high additive genetic influence on objective sleep quantity and quality, all weight indicators, and EC. Many of the associations between sleep indicators, sleep and weight indicators, and among weight indicators were entirely accounted for by shared additive genetic factors, suggesting that common, underlying sets of genes explain these relations. Dissertation/Thesis Breitenstein, Reagan Styles (Author) Doane, Leah D. (Advisor) Lemery-Chalfant, Kathryn (Committee member) Perez la Mar, Marisol (Committee member) Grimm, Kevin (Committee member) Arizona State University (Publisher) Developmental psychology children effortful control obesity sleep twins weight eng 133 pages Doctoral Dissertation Psychology 2019 Doctoral Dissertation http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53721 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 2019
collection NDLTD
language English
format Doctoral Thesis
sources NDLTD
topic Developmental psychology
children
effortful control
obesity
sleep
twins
weight
spellingShingle Developmental psychology
children
effortful control
obesity
sleep
twins
weight
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Associations Among Multiple Sleep Parameters, Weight Indicators and Weight Status, and Effortful Control in Young Twins
description abstract: Prior research has established associations between sleep duration and body mass index (BMI) scores and risk for obesity in middle childhood, but it is less clear whether other objectively- and subjectively-measured sleep indicators may be associated with BMI scores, weight status (e.g., obesity), and other estimates of weight and body fat such as waist circumference (WC) and percent body fat. Empirical studies have also demonstrated independent associations between broad self-regulation and sleep indicators and BMI scores, but no study to date has tested these factors in a model together and the extent to which associations between normative sleep problems, weight indicators, and effortful control (EC) may be explained by shared genetic or environmental influences. Data from a large longitudinal study of twins was used to test phenotypic associations between sleep problems at eight years and weight indicators at nine years, including whether EC at eight years moderates these associations. Additionally, multiple quantitative behavior genetic models were used to estimate unique and shared genetic and environmental covariances among normative sleep problems, weight indicators, and EC at eight years of age and whether additive genetic influence on weight in middle childhood differs by child weight status group. Phenotypic findings showed that greater sleep duration at eight years predicted greater decreases BMI at nine years of age for children with low levels of EC at eight years. Greater sleep midpoint variability at eight years predicted greater increases in percent body fat from eight to nine years of age for children with low EC at eight years. Behavior genetic findings showed greater environmental influences on parent-reported sleep duration and quality, as well as objective sleep midpoint variability. Similarly, associations between parent-reported sleep duration and sleep midpoint variability and other sleep indicators and EC were primarily accounted for by shared environmental factors. In contrast, there was high additive genetic influence on objective sleep quantity and quality, all weight indicators, and EC. Many of the associations between sleep indicators, sleep and weight indicators, and among weight indicators were entirely accounted for by shared additive genetic factors, suggesting that common, underlying sets of genes explain these relations. === Dissertation/Thesis === Doctoral Dissertation Psychology 2019
author2 Breitenstein, Reagan Styles (Author)
author_facet Breitenstein, Reagan Styles (Author)
title Genetic and Environmental Influences on Associations Among Multiple Sleep Parameters, Weight Indicators and Weight Status, and Effortful Control in Young Twins
title_short Genetic and Environmental Influences on Associations Among Multiple Sleep Parameters, Weight Indicators and Weight Status, and Effortful Control in Young Twins
title_full Genetic and Environmental Influences on Associations Among Multiple Sleep Parameters, Weight Indicators and Weight Status, and Effortful Control in Young Twins
title_fullStr Genetic and Environmental Influences on Associations Among Multiple Sleep Parameters, Weight Indicators and Weight Status, and Effortful Control in Young Twins
title_full_unstemmed Genetic and Environmental Influences on Associations Among Multiple Sleep Parameters, Weight Indicators and Weight Status, and Effortful Control in Young Twins
title_sort genetic and environmental influences on associations among multiple sleep parameters, weight indicators and weight status, and effortful control in young twins
publishDate 2019
url http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53721
_version_ 1719184112311336960