| Summary: | Treatment with lithium has been shown to have adverse effects on the kidney, but the mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, kidney sections of four cohorts of mice were subjected to immunofluorescent labeling in order to determine the effects of lithium on primary cilia. It was found that lithium had a lengthening effect on primary cilia in the inner medulla, outer medulla, and cortex regions of the kidney. It is thought that the effects of longer cilia may include a greater proportion of proteins in the primary cilia. This could lead to alterations in cell signaling in the kidney. Ultimately, lengthening of primary cilia may be responsible for modification of the principal cell and intercalated cell composition following lithium treatment.
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