Increases in Cortisol due to Weaning Stress and the Subsequent Alterations to Immune Function in Beef Calves
Weaning is defined as the physical separation of the cow-calf pair and the end of milk feeding. Natural weaning occurs between 7 and 14 months and is a gradual process. However, domestic weaning occurs between 6 and 8 months and occurs rapidly. Calves that are abruptly separated from their dam re...
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| Format: | Others |
| Language: | en_US |
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Virginia Tech
2017
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76827 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07242010-143934/ |