Computational Tools for Improved Analysis and Assessment of Groundwater Remediation Sites

Remediation of contaminated groundwater remains a high-priority national goal in the United States. Water is essential to life, and new sources of water are needed for an expanding population. Groundwater remediation remains a significant technical challenge despite decades of research into this f...

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Main Author: Joseph, Joshua Allen Jr.
Other Authors: Civil Engineering
Format: Others
Published: Virginia Tech 2014
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28458
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07302008-235858/
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spelling ndltd-VTETD-oai-vtechworks.lib.vt.edu-10919-284582021-08-14T05:30:04Z Computational Tools for Improved Analysis and Assessment of Groundwater Remediation Sites Joseph, Joshua Allen Jr. Civil Engineering Widdowson, Mark A. Loganathan, G. V. Gallagher, Daniel L. Stephenson, Stephen Kurt Cox, William E. soil vapor extraction (SVE) groundwater light non aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) economics time of remediation (TOR) excavation monitored natural attenuation (MNA) policy remediation Remediation of contaminated groundwater remains a high-priority national goal in the United States. Water is essential to life, and new sources of water are needed for an expanding population. Groundwater remediation remains a significant technical challenge despite decades of research into this field. New approaches are needed to address the most severely-polluted aquifers, and cost-effective solutions are required to meet remediation objectives that protect human health and the environment. Source reduction combined with Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) is a remediation strategy whereby the source of contamination is aggressively treated or removed and the residual groundwater plume depletes due to natural processes in the subsurface. The USEPA requires long-term performance monitoring of groundwater at MNA sites over the remediation timeframe, which often takes decades to complete. Presently, computational tools are lacking to adequately integrate source remediation with economic models. Furthermore, no framework has been developed to highlight the tradeoff between the degree of remediation versus the level of benefit within a cost structure. Using the Natural Attenuation Software (NAS) package developed at Virginia Tech, a set of formulae have been developed for calculating the TOR for petroleum-contaminated aquifers (specifically tracking benzene and MTBE) through statistical techniques. With the knowledge of source area residual saturation, groundwater velocity, and contaminant plume source length, the time to remediate a site contaminated with either benzene or MTBE can be determined across a range of regulatory maximum contaminant levels. After developing formulae for TOR, an integrated and interactive decision tool for framing the decision analysis component of the remediation problem was developed. While MNA can be a stand-alone groundwater remediation technology, significant benefits may be realized by layering a more traditional source zone remedial technique with MNA. Excavation and soil vapor extraction when applied to the front end of a remedial action plan can decrease the amount of time to remediation and while generally more expensive than an MNA-only approach, may accrue long-term economic advantages that would otherwise be foregone. The value of these research components can be realized within the engineering and science communities, as well as through government, business and industry, and communities where groundwater contamination and remediation are of issue. Together, these tools constitute the Sâ ªEâ ªEâ ªPâ ªAGE paradigm, founded upon the concept of sound science for an environmental engineering, effectual economics, and public policy agenda. The TOR formulation simplifies the inputs necessary to determine the number of years that an MNA strategy will require before project closure and thus reduces the specialized skills and training required to perform a numerical analysis that for one set of conditions could require many hours of simulation time. The economic decision tool, that utilizes a life cycle model to evaluate a set of feasible alternatives, highlights the tradeoffs between time and economics can be realized over the lifetime of the remedial project. Ph. D. 2014-03-14T20:14:33Z 2014-03-14T20:14:33Z 2008-04-24 2008-07-30 2008-08-06 2008-08-06 Dissertation etd-07302008-235858 http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28458 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07302008-235858/ Joshua_Joseph_Dissertation_2008.pdf In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ application/pdf Virginia Tech
collection NDLTD
format Others
sources NDLTD
topic soil vapor extraction (SVE)
groundwater
light non aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL)
economics
time of remediation (TOR)
excavation
monitored natural attenuation (MNA)
policy
remediation
spellingShingle soil vapor extraction (SVE)
groundwater
light non aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL)
economics
time of remediation (TOR)
excavation
monitored natural attenuation (MNA)
policy
remediation
Joseph, Joshua Allen Jr.
Computational Tools for Improved Analysis and Assessment of Groundwater Remediation Sites
description Remediation of contaminated groundwater remains a high-priority national goal in the United States. Water is essential to life, and new sources of water are needed for an expanding population. Groundwater remediation remains a significant technical challenge despite decades of research into this field. New approaches are needed to address the most severely-polluted aquifers, and cost-effective solutions are required to meet remediation objectives that protect human health and the environment. Source reduction combined with Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) is a remediation strategy whereby the source of contamination is aggressively treated or removed and the residual groundwater plume depletes due to natural processes in the subsurface. The USEPA requires long-term performance monitoring of groundwater at MNA sites over the remediation timeframe, which often takes decades to complete. Presently, computational tools are lacking to adequately integrate source remediation with economic models. Furthermore, no framework has been developed to highlight the tradeoff between the degree of remediation versus the level of benefit within a cost structure. Using the Natural Attenuation Software (NAS) package developed at Virginia Tech, a set of formulae have been developed for calculating the TOR for petroleum-contaminated aquifers (specifically tracking benzene and MTBE) through statistical techniques. With the knowledge of source area residual saturation, groundwater velocity, and contaminant plume source length, the time to remediate a site contaminated with either benzene or MTBE can be determined across a range of regulatory maximum contaminant levels. After developing formulae for TOR, an integrated and interactive decision tool for framing the decision analysis component of the remediation problem was developed. While MNA can be a stand-alone groundwater remediation technology, significant benefits may be realized by layering a more traditional source zone remedial technique with MNA. Excavation and soil vapor extraction when applied to the front end of a remedial action plan can decrease the amount of time to remediation and while generally more expensive than an MNA-only approach, may accrue long-term economic advantages that would otherwise be foregone. The value of these research components can be realized within the engineering and science communities, as well as through government, business and industry, and communities where groundwater contamination and remediation are of issue. Together, these tools constitute the Sâ ªEâ ªEâ ªPâ ªAGE paradigm, founded upon the concept of sound science for an environmental engineering, effectual economics, and public policy agenda. The TOR formulation simplifies the inputs necessary to determine the number of years that an MNA strategy will require before project closure and thus reduces the specialized skills and training required to perform a numerical analysis that for one set of conditions could require many hours of simulation time. The economic decision tool, that utilizes a life cycle model to evaluate a set of feasible alternatives, highlights the tradeoffs between time and economics can be realized over the lifetime of the remedial project. === Ph. D.
author2 Civil Engineering
author_facet Civil Engineering
Joseph, Joshua Allen Jr.
author Joseph, Joshua Allen Jr.
author_sort Joseph, Joshua Allen Jr.
title Computational Tools for Improved Analysis and Assessment of Groundwater Remediation Sites
title_short Computational Tools for Improved Analysis and Assessment of Groundwater Remediation Sites
title_full Computational Tools for Improved Analysis and Assessment of Groundwater Remediation Sites
title_fullStr Computational Tools for Improved Analysis and Assessment of Groundwater Remediation Sites
title_full_unstemmed Computational Tools for Improved Analysis and Assessment of Groundwater Remediation Sites
title_sort computational tools for improved analysis and assessment of groundwater remediation sites
publisher Virginia Tech
publishDate 2014
url http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28458
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07302008-235858/
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