| Summary: | Most organizations are adopting enterprise social media (ESM) for interaction, knowledge sharing and collaboration. However, the difference in organizational unit size is one aspect that constantly differs from one organization to another that needs to be investigated to understand how it influences employee performance. The aim of this paper is to explore the effects of ESM on the employees' job performance depending on the size of an organizational unit. Based on social capital theory, the researcher proposes that network ties, shared vision, and trust can promote job performance of employees as well as knowledge sharing among employees. The research model is tested using data collected from employees of an IT company in Uganda, 38 from a large unit and 19 from a small unit. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used in data processing and hypothesis testing based on collected data. The results reveal that ESM can enhance employee job performance. In the large organizational unit, network ties and knowledge sharing have a direct and positive effect on job performance. In the small organizational unit, network ties, shared vision, trust, and knowledge sharing have a direct and positive effect on job performance. The results also indicated that the relationship between ESM use and knowledge sharing was influenced by organizational unit. However, the control variable of experience with enterprise social media has no significant effect on the job performance of the employees of both the large and small organizational unit. Based on the study results, future research directions are discussed, and limitations of the study highlighted.
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