| Summary: | The study compiles and summarizes the existing knowledge about observed and projected impacts of climate change on agriculture in the Carpathian region, putting it in the context of rural development and giving suggestions for regional adaptation strategy.There are some differences in the social and age structures, stability of settlements and rates of unemployment within the Carpathian region. Adaptive capacity is higher in the Northern and Western Carpathians where there are more non-agricultural employment opportunities that could act as a safety net in case of loss of the harvest. Indicators show gradual decrease of well-being from North-West to South-East, which coincides with projected changes in the precipitation and severity of climate impacts. Southern part of the region (Romania and the Republic of Serbia) is identified as the most vulnerable.To achieve broader goal of sustainable agriculture in the face of climate change, the economic structure of rural areas should be reformed towards diversification of employment options, improvement of infrastructure and better access to services. Rich in biodiversity and beautiful landscapers, the Carpathian region offers significant opportunities in the field of eco- and rural tourism development. A regional adaptation strategy should focus on raising awareness to facilitate autonomous adaptation, climate proofing of the policies and creating favourable conditions for social entrepreneurship and green business.
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