Kampen om ett föränderligt Arktis : En jämförande studie av Rysslands och Kanadas agerande i Arktis och Arktiska rådet.

• Main Author: Gädda, Alexandra
• Format: Others
• Language: Swedish
• Published: Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST) 2014
• Subjects: Arktis; Arktiska rådet; geopolitik; säkerhetspolitik; Ryssland; Kanada; Political Science (excluding Public Administration Studies and Globalisation Studies); Statsvetenskap (exklusive studier av offentlig förvaltning och globaliseringsstudier)
• Online Access: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-34933

The Arctic region is rich in natural resources such as oil, gas, minerals and fish. Climate change causes the Arctic ice melt, making resource extraction possible as well as opening up new transport routes through the Northwest Passage and the Northeast Passage. This has led to competition and cross-border strife among the Arctic States. The two largest states in the Arctic are Russia and Canada, which are also members of the Arctic Council. Russia and Canada are at the moment involved in several disputes regarding the Arctic territory where the ownership of the North Pole is one example. This study aims to explain the Russian and Canadian actions in the Arctic in a geopolitical aspect and to what extent it is consistent with the objectives of the Arctic Council’s Kiruna Declaration. The presence of security aspects like economic, military and environmental security is examined through a text analysis where the Arctic policies and the National security policies are compared, where the results then are compared with the objectives in the Kiruna Declaration to find similarities and differences. The result shows that the economic security is the most important aspect for both Russia and Canada, while the environmental security is the most important in the Kiruna declaration of the Arctic council. The conclusion is that the significant economic and strategic potential of the Arctic guides Russia’s and Canada’s behaviour and that the financial benefits outweigh the environmental risks that are associated with the development of the area.