Removal of UV filters using spent mushroom composts

• Main Authors: TU,PING-HSUN, 杜秉勳
• Other Authors: YANG,CHU-WEN
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2019
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5w6dft

碩士 === 東吳大學 === 微生物學系 === 107 === Emerging contaminants are the target of many studies today, and the use of biodegradation to remove contaminants has become a common method used today which is less harmful to the environment.The purpose of this study is to use the enzymes produced in the matrix after fungal cultivation to degrade UV filters that are difficult to degrade in emerging pollutants.It can not only replace the traditional biodegradation technology based on bacteria, but also achieve the effect of recycling.Among them, three kinds of SMC are used: Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus djamor, and Auricularia polytricha. The SMC is test for 7 kinds of UV filters (BC, OC, EHS, HMS, MBC, OBZ, EHMC) whether they can be degraded and analyze the optimal conditions for degradation.Further application of the best degradation conditions in the bioreactor experiment proves the feasibility of using the waste space package to degrade the UV filters in the sewage treatment plant wastewater. The results of the batch experiments showed that the extracts of the substrate after three SMCs were degraded for seven UV filters (BC, OC, EHS, HMS, MBC, OBZ, EHMC) and six redox mediators (ACE, SA, ABTS, HP, VA, TEMPO) have different roles, like EHS, HMS, EHMC, three kinds of SMCs can degrade them very effectively, and the overall degradation ability ranks is Pleurotus djamor >Pleurotus eryngii> Auricularia polytricha.At 2 mg/L, the degradation of UV filters with Auricularia polytricha SMCs is best.At 20 mg/L, it is better to use Pleurotus djamor. For the other four refractory UV filters (BC, OC, MBC, OBZ), it is necessary to add redox mediators to promote decomposition.It is shown that ACE can promote the removal of BC by three kinds of SMCs;ABTS can best promote the removal of OC by three kinds of SMCs;TEMPO can promote the removal of MBC by three kinds of SMCs;ABTS can best promote the removal of OBZ by three kinds of SMCs.In terms of overall degradation ability, degradation is best after adding ABTS. It is also known that after the extracts of the three kinds of mushrooms are degraded by different combinations,The pH value is higher than that before degradation;Enzyme activity is due to an increase in pH, so most of it is lower than the degradation. After comparing the extract of SMCs , the degradation experiments of redox mediators were added to 7 different concentrations of UV filter.After ten days of degradation, it can be known that in three different concentrations of UV filters, without adding ABTS, the ability of extract of Pleurotus djamor SMCs to degrade 7 kinds of UV filters is optimal.And after adding ABTS, it has better degradation ability, especially for OBZ, which has a relatively high promotion effect.Overall, Pleurotus eryngii was the best for the degradation of seven UV filters after the addition of ABTS. The results of the extracts of the three kinds of SMCs to degrade different concentrations of UV filters also showed that in 2, 10 mg / L, the extracts of the three kinds of SMCs had better degradation effect on EHS, HMS and EHMC.At 100 mg/L, it is better to degrade OC.After the addition of ABTS, the extracts of the three kinds of SMCs all have the effect of degrading OBZ at different concentrations, while the low concentration has a slight effect on other UV filters.However, at high concentrations, it did not promote the degradation of other UV filters by the extracts of the three kinds of SMCs.In this experiment, the pH value, enzyme activity, and ORP value before and after degradation were also measured. It was found that the pH value and enzyme activity were consistent with the results of the above two experiments, and the ORP value also showed that the redox potential was degraded after the degradation. After the action, it decreased, and it was found that the ORP value increased after the addition of ABTS, which also represented the action of the contained enzyme.At the same time, adsorption experiments were also carried out. The adsorption capacities of the seven UV filters were Pleurotus eryngii > Pleurotus djamor > Auricularia polytricha.Therefore, the entire batch experiment also established the optimal removal conditions for use in subsequent bioreactors. The bioreactor is provided with six combinations, which are three reactor combinations of ultrapure water and discharge water. (1) 2 mg/L 1000 mL of 7 kinds of UV filter with a water retention time of 4 hours, a capacity of 200 g of SMCs.(2) 2 mg/L 500 mL of 7 kinds of UV filters have a water retention time of 2 hours, a capacity of 100 g of SMCs.(3) 7 mg/L 500 mL of 7 kinds of UV filters have a water retention time of 30 minutes, and the capacity is 100 g of SMCs.In ultrapure water, bioreactor combination one or two, Auricularia polytricha has the best degradation ability for the seven UV filters after cultivation.The bioreactor combination three is the best degradation ability of the SMCs of Pleurotus djamor.In the bioreactor combination of the discharged water, it can be known that the degradation ability of the SMCs of the Pleurotus djamor is optimal;In the second and third bioreactor combinations, the degradation ability of the SMCs of Pleurotus eryngii was the best. The effect of adding ABTS on 7 UV filters was also tested in the Pleurotus djamor bioreactor. The results showed that the degradation of 7 UV filters by ABTS did not greatly promote the effect.It was also found that there was no significant decrease in the pH value after two days, and it was maintained at around 6, and the pH value of the added ABTS was maintained below 6. It was also found that the enzyme activity of adding 7 kinds of UV filters in ultrapure water increased after two days, but the enzyme activity of adding 7 kinds of UV filters in the discharged water decreased with or without ABTS, and the reason was unknown. In the algae biotoxicity test, it can be known that three 2 mg/L UV filters (EHS, HMS, EHMC) can reduce the survival rate of chlorella.However, after degradation by the pink mushroom extract, the toxicity is reduced and the chlorella is maintained at a certain amount.It indicates that the pink mushroom does decompose three kinds of 2 mg/L UV filter to reduce its toxicity.As a result of its metabolites, it can be known that after degradation, three kinds of 2 mg/L UV filters (EHS, HMS, EHMC) will be decomposed into other products. As for whether other products are toxic, further research is needed to do it. At the end of the study, we can know that the SMCs of Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus djamor and Auricularia polytricha can degrade the UV filters. This study can be used as a biodegradable method in the future to remove residual UV filters from environmentally-friendly soils to remove hard-to-decompose substances in the environment.