| Summary: | 碩士 === 中國文化大學 === 體育學系運動教練碩博士班 === 107 === Background: Sport-specific physical fitness has an important influence on the performance of athletes on the field. When estimate whether specific physical fitness and athletic performance are related, most domestic athletic performances are measured by offensive and defensive statistics. However, many basketball organizations and sports analysts in the world use the efficiency rating (EFF) to evaluate the efficiency of the athletes. Purpose: To explore the specific physical fitness in basketball, including unloaded countermovement jump (ULCMJ), loaded countermovement jump (LCMJ), right side loaded countermovement jump (RSLCMJ), left side loaded countermovement jump (LSLCMJ), 5-meter sprint test, 10-meter sprint test, 505 agility test and body composition (including body fat mass, body fat percentage and muscle mass). Methods: We included 22 participants, WSBL and UBA age 25.54 ± 4.29 and 19.72 ± 1.90 (years), experience age 14.00 ± 3.79 and 18.90 ± 1.92 (years), in which were 11 players from the 2018 WSBL and 11 players from the 2018 UBA League. Body composition testing and specific physical fitness tests were performed before the start of the league season. The players’ efficiency values were estimated by EFF formula by the offensive and defensive statistics of the 2018 WSBL and the 2018 UBA League games. We used independent sample t test with obtained data to compare the test results of the body composition and the specific physical fitness and the sports performance between WSBL group and UBA league group. We used Pearson product-moment correlation test to investigate the correlation between specific physical fitness and players’ efficiency value, with the significance level set at α= .05. Results: The differences of the specific physical fitness between two groups are as follows: UBA league group is better than WSBL group in lower limb explosive force (measured by CMJ) and agility of changing direction (measured by 505 agility test in 0-3.5 meters), especially in LSLCMJ (14.56 ± 1.57 and 12.63 ± 1.42, separately) and RSLCMJ(15.36± 1.81 and 12.60 ± 2.34, separately), which show significant differences. WSBL group is better than UBA league group in 5-meter sprint test, 10-meter sprint test and 505 agility test (3.5-5meters). The EFF of the WSBL group is significantly associated with the specific physical fitness only in loaded countermovement jump (LCMJ) high correlation (r = .660, p < .05). The EFF of the UBA league group is significantly associated with the specific physical fitness in loaded centrifugal stage of LCMJ (r = .812, p < .01) very high correlation, peak value of ULCMJ (r = .736, p < .01), centrifugal stage of ULCMJ (r = .751, p < .01) high correlation. Countermovement jump (ULCMJ) (r = .681, p < .05)., loaded countermovement jump (LCMJ) (r = .710, p < .05), peak value of LCMJ (r = .680, p < .05), left side loaded countermovement jump (LSLCMJ) (r = .681, p < .05), right side loaded countermovement jump (RSLCMJ) (r = .624, p < .05), peak value of RSLCMJ (r = .624, p < .05) high correlation. Conclusion: Specific physical fitness is a must for players at any level. Teams in high-level competitions need more experience, more skills, more teamwork and more precise coach tactics when facing opponents. The relationship between EFF and special physical fitness is less significant in a more experienced team, but in UBA events, the better the specific fitness, the better the EFF performance. Through the specific physical fitness test, the athlete's physical fitness can be assessed more accurately and formulate the training plan more accurately. Implementing the test and then correlating it with athletic performance data will improve the value of the basketball fitness test.
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