| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北大學 === 犯罪學研究所 === 107 === According to official statistics from the Criminal Investigation Bureau, the top fraud case of 2016-2017 is Online Shopping Fraud, while the installment plan cancellation through ATM (IPCA) accounts for the majority of it. The IPCA scam has been in existence for a long time. The anti-fraud message is common, and the people are still victimized. This is the motivation for this study.
Based on the cautious possibility model, the lifestyle exposure theory, the routine activity theory, the rational choice theory, the situated transaction and the personal victimization theory, the research method is based on the scam crimes that have suffered from the IPCA. Nine victims were interviewed in this study in order to analyze the IPCA to achieve three research purposes:
First, to understand the relationship between the victim's individual factors and the fact of victimization;
Second, to understand the situational factors within the interaction between the victim and the offender.
Third, to propose policy improvements.
In terms of lifestyle, the result shows that the high-risk victims had been shopping at high-risk stores, and they were unfamiliar with the financial transfer process, or indifferent to anti-fraud messages. The personal traits of the victim are not important at all. What is important is the interactional factors (fear, first-time response, negative emotions, similar experiences in the past) and situational factors (17 to 23 pm, trust enhancement, time pressure, business, the absence of capable surveillance) generated by the interaction between the victim and the offender. Applying the the ELM theory framework, the researchers concluded that the victim was highly motivated by the fraudulent message, while the central route was utilized to verify the action, and the victims rather focused on the wrong information. The unmotivated victim focused on the content of the message, with the influences of interactional factors and situational factors in the process, which affected their ability to swindle fraudulent messages, and the victims eventually fell into the peripheral route and were deceived. In addition, the key factor for the success of the non-victimization is the involvement of a third person.
The following suggestions are proposed: ATM and online banking system should set up fraud detection system and AI ATM fraud detection, establish money transfer and cash deposit detention mechanism, strengthen e-commerce to prevent fraud. The government should stop overconfidence mentality, advocate the concept of fraud prevention, and promote third parties intervention to stop fraud.
|
|---|
