| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣海洋大學 === 環境生物與漁業科學學系 === 107 === In this study a comparative analysis approach was used to examine and discuss the state of current development and problems encountered in the use of small fishing boats in Taiwan. This study also makes comparisons with successful sea fishing boat management in the United States and Japan and makes suggestions for development of similar compliant strategies for use in Taiwan. It is hoped that related recreational activities can be promoted that will ensure the safety of the general public. The study results include:
I.Small boats include those that are not vessels designed primarily for carrying people on the surface or in the water. Maritime Law also excludes boats that are not powered, as well as powered boats under 12 kW, not engaged in fishing.
II.In the United States, portable boats are considered to be uniquely designed vessels used for recreation and are included in the management of ships. Therefore, these small boats need to be registered, comply with all navigation regulations and standard of equipment, safety, etc. Violation of these regulations can result in heavy penalties.
III.Japan recognizes small boats to include portable vessels less than 3 meters long and with propulsion power under 1.5 kW (2 hp) as mini boats. They are not legally required to be registered or inspected. The result is that the number of unregistered privately owned small boats has been increasing steadily over the years. However, safety manuals are published to enhance the understanding of maritime traffic rules and basic engine maintenance for the users of small boats.
IV.Currently, Taiwan's sea fishing boats owners have several basic problems that need to be properly dealt with, (1) Navigation safety (2) Fishery competition (3) The enforcement of Maritime Law.
V.The authority and responsibility for sea fishing boat management are not well defined for each unit and division: (1) The Maritime and Port Bureau is responsible for the definition of a ship (2) The Tourism Bureau manages water recreational activities and also the equipment used for such activities (3) The Fisheries Agency expands the scope of recreational fishing (4) The Coast Guard can carry out the enforcement Maritime Law if the management regulations of the Maritime and Port Bureau and Fisheries Agencies are clearly defined.
VI.The crucial point of sea fishing boat management is the definition of the boats and fishing activity. The Maritime and Port Bureau and Fisheries Agencies are the responsible Federal authorities and provide the key regulations or recommendations that are followed by the county and city governments that have coastal areas, inland rivers, or lakes. This allows water law enforcement agencies to can carry out site management.
VII.The Maritime and Port Bureau has specified the "precautions of safety and activity recommendation for the usage of boats in public waters" as a legislation reference for local governments. It will also amend Article 4 of Maritime Law which will include all buoyancy devices in the definition of boats so that application issues can be resolved.
VIII.In the future, the Fisheries Agency may act in concert with amendments to Maritime Law and expand the definition of recreational fishing boats in the management regulations, in which the boats are not limited to those only used for fishing.
IX.At present, local governments focus on the management of buoyancy devices for inland waters (within the relevant regulations) rather than the offshore waters. This also indicates that the safety management of buoyancy devices for inland water activities should also be taken into consideration in the future.
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