| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣海洋大學 === 教育研究所 === 107 === The research aims to explore ‘psychological flexibility’ (PF), ‘happiness’ and their relationships on the elementary school teachers in Keelung city. The PF will be measured by the Psychological Flexibility Scale (PFQ) (Ben-Itzhak, Bluvstein & Maor, 2017), and the happiness will be measure by the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (Argyle & Hills, 2002). In 2019, the survey has been conducted, based on the stratified sampling, there are 215 teachers within 20 elementary schools involved in this research (response rate is 97.72%).
The results show as follows:
1. The score of PF shows higher than median (M=3.84, the lowest is 1 and the highest one is 5, the following parts are the same) and the mean of the dimensions from high to low are ‘a perception of reality as multifaceted’, ‘characterization of the self as flexible’, ‘a positive perception of change’, ‘perception of reality as dynamic and changing’ and ‘the characterization of the self as open and innovative’.
2. The score of happiness shows higher than median (M=3.57), based on the principle component analysis, there are five dimensions have been set up, and the total variance is 53.86%, furthermore, the mean of the dimensions from high to low are ‘life satisfaction/value’, ‘joy and feel happy’, ‘positivity and optimism’, ‘mentally alert’ and ‘self-control’.
3. The substitute teachers on the dimensions of ‘a positive perception of change’ and ‘characterization of the self as flexible’ in PF are significantly higher than qualified teachers.
4. Teachers with bachelor degree on the dimension of ‘positivity and optimism’ in happiness is significantly higher than teachers with master and doctor degree; with regard to the dimension on the ‘self-control’ in the happiness, married teachers without child is significantly higher than married teachers with child and married teachers without child is significantly higher than unmarried teachers without child.
5. It shows high significant correlations (r= .614) between PF and happiness.
6. Based on the step-wise regression, the dimensions of ‘a positive perception of change’ and ‘the characterization of the self as open and innovative’ in the PF can predict happiness effectively (R= .634, R2= .402, Adj R2= .397)。
7. Based on the canonical correlation analysis, the dimensions of ‘a positive perception of change’, ‘characterization of the self as flexible’ and ‘the characterization of the self as open and innovative’ in PF influence (ρ= .74) the dimensions of ‘life satisfaction/value’, ‘joy and feel happy’, ‘mentally alert’ and ‘self-control’ in happiness.
Hence, increasing the level of psychological flexibility can enhance effectively
happiness in order to enhance mental health.
Keywords: happiness, psychological flexibility, primary school teachers,
mental health, Keelung city
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