| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中山大學 === 海洋環境及工程學系研究所 === 107 === The industry has made great progress since the 18th Century. It was accompanied by a large increase in carbon dioxide emission through the burning of fossil fuels, which becomes the most important greenhouse gas (GHG) presently. The GHGs emitted from wetland systems are mainly carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4), while can depress the carbon sink effects of wetlands and enforce the greenhouse effects of Earth.
Recently, more studies about carbon sink effects were concentrated on “blue carbon”. Blue carbon is defined as the carbon sinks and stocks capacity in marine environment and on coastal ecosystems. The natural wetlands approximately account for 20% of the world''s carbon stocks, especially for coastal wetlands, including salty marsh, mangrove swamps, and seagrass beds. In this study, three main GHGs and soil properties were monitored and analyzed for different vegetation areas on Kaomei Salt Marsh Wetland from October 2016 to June 2017. The wetland’s carbon stocks and blue carbon sink effects were then evaluated by those data collected from GHGs emission and soil properties.
Soil carbon was mostly distributed in the depth of 0~15 cm in soils of Kaomei Salt Marsh Wetland. Soil carbon stocks in the soils of the habitats vegetated by Bolboschoenus planiculmis, Sporobolus virginicus, Phragmites communis, Spartina alterniflora, mudflat area, sandstone area 1 and sandstone area 2 were measured equal to 304 t C, 133 t C, 116 t C, 63 t C, 268 t C, 1512 t C, and 1698 t C, respectively. The total soil carbon stocks were then calculated equal to 4096 t C. The soil carbon stocks are affected by different area with different vegetation and soil types.
Continuous monitoring data of GHGs emitted from different habitats in the Kaomei Salt Marsh Wetland, transferring to carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) through the global warming potentials (GWPs) for the three main GHGs, the carbon budget flux for Kaomei Salt Marsh Wetland are shown as following: Spartina alterniflora habitat is 2042.88 g CO2e m-2 yr-1, and Sporobolus virginicus habitat is 30.55 g CO2e m-2 yr-1, which exhibit carbon source and present positive greenhouse effect, while Phragmites communis is -162.36 g CO2e m-2 yr-1, Bolboschoenus planiculmis habitat is -704.66 g CO2e m-2 yr-1), and mudflat is -1259.48 g CO2e m-2 yr-1, which showed carbon sink effect, and exhibit negative greenhouse effect.
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