| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立宜蘭大學 === 生物技術與動物科學系生物技術碩士班 === 107 === Einstein once said, "If bees disappear from the earth, humans can only live for four years." Therefore, bees not only play an important role in human crop production, but also have a great influence on the balance of the whole earth's ecosystem. Because the overexploitation of flat land leads to the scarcity of forests and the singleness of forest phase, the beetles can not survive on flat land. Therefore, we hope to find the glue/honey/pollen plants needed by bees, and create a suitable environment for flat land rebreeding, so that the bee population can be protected and enlarged eventually. In addition, it will be used in greenhouse pollination to alleviate the problem caused by the current shortage of agricultural population by utilizing the characteristics of small size and short flying distance of stingless bees.Investigation on the habits of stingless bees: Temperature and humidity monitors and photographic lenses were set up on the hive, and data and images were analyzed. Observation of bee-splitting behavior: Refer to Australian hive design and improve it, so as to carry out the experiment of trapping bees, and obtain new colonies from the field without harming the original hive. Finally, greenhouse pollination test: in cooperation with farmers in Yilan, the pollination test of bee-free in greenhouse will be conducted. Reference to foreign research, the result rate of bee-free pollination on balsam pear in greenhouse will be tested.Preliminary experimental results showed that there were no bee colonies during this experiment, mainly due to the insufficient number of bee colonies. We will observe the increase of bee colonies this year. In addition, according to the results published in Malaysia, the distance between the hive and the original hive may also be the key to the success of the hive, and we will continue to explore in future research. It was observed that the bee colony had the behavior of clearing the cocoon clothes and other garbage from the hive, which represented the vigorous activity of the bee colony. In the preliminary pollination experiment without stinging bees, the Green Garden Organic Vegetable Greenhouse Momordica charantia Cultivation Garden in Mt. Yuanshan, Ilan was selected as the test site. The results showed that the peak time of bee colony attendance averaged from 8 to 11 a.m. and the highest time was around 10 a.m. The average number of bees was between 7.3 and 8 per minute. However, unlike Italian bees, stingless bees have a strong ability to adapt to the new environment because they are not fed artificially for a long time. After migrating to the new environment, stingless bees will first find the glue source plants, and the bee colony will begin to restore its normal rest after about 3-4 days of stabilization. In this experiment, the pollination rate of balsam pear was only 30% because the number of bee colonies was not strong enough and the initial test time was only 9 days. Therefore, the pollination situation and fruit quality of balsam pear could not be observed clearly. The subsequent repeated experiments were needed. Because the characteristics of no stings wasps were not damaged in Greenhouse and could be used as long-term pollination bee colonies, it should be feasible to popularize and apply.
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