| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立彰化師範大學 === 地理學系 === 107 === Traffic accidents have been an important issue in road traffic safety, and driving safety has received more and more attention. But the number of casualties in traffic accidents is still gradually rising. By using hotspot analysis, it shows that traffic accidents are clustered in some area. This study used different temporal scales to analyze traffic accident hotspots. They are (a) Weekend and Weekday: people's daily activities are closely related to the timeframes of weekend and weekday, consequently the traffic patterns in these periods are different; and (b) Holidays: the traffic patterns are also different among different holidays. Based on the analysis this research adopted, we can see significant differential of (a) and (b) on traffic accident hotspots. Therefore, it is meaningful to study when and where traffic accidents are clustered.
This study uses different spatial units to explore differences in traffic accident hotspots. They are (a) Village: because the sizes of the areas are different, it is not ideal in rendering; (b) Road segments: the linear range of hotspots presented at the same intersection is different at different time periods, which is not suitable for decision-making; and (c) Intersections: the statistically significant value of the hot zones by hotspot analysis can be regarded as the degree of danger. The size of each intersection is constant all the time, therefore, it is the best way to analyze.
The rules or characteristics of traffic accidents caused by the environment factors can be established by spatial analyses (e.g. hotspot analysis) or statistical analyses. In addition, traffic accidents caused by human factors are quite diversity. This study found that the hotspots causing by drunk driving are much aggregated together than by using mobile phones.
It can be concluded that space-time analysis in hotspot analyses are valuable to decision making for government authorities to identify and solve traffic accidents under a limited budget.
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