Analysis of Automatic Sprinkler System Design In Underground Parking Space - A Case Study of Protecting The Scooter

• Main Authors: Li,Yu-Hsiu, 李雨修
• Other Authors: Chen,Chiun-Hsun
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2019
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bbze35

碩士 === 國立交通大學 === 工學院產業安全與防災學程 === 107 === This study mainly discusses the feasibility of replacing the foam fire-extinguishing equipment with the automatic sprinkler system in the underground parking space and uses the computer simulation program (Fire Dynamics Simulator, FDS) developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology to simulation the protected scooter. Different from China and the United States to set the parking space fire prevention code law and allow the parking space to set the automatic sprinkler system under certain conditions, the current underground parking space of general buildings is mainly equipped with foam fire-extinguishing equipment in Taiwan. But the storage condition of the foam raw liquid of foam fire-extinguishing equipment will affect the fire extinguishing efficiency. Compared with foam fire-extinguishing equipment, the automatic sprinkling system has economic and environmental benefits, even high stability. The underground parking spaces of the scooter are mostly set in a centralized manner. Because of the scooter parked side by side, it is easy to extend burning when the fire broke out. Due to the underground space of building is a closed environment, the smoke of fire is exhausted difficultly, the external air is supply limitedly, the temperature of fire rise rapidly and the high temperature accumulate easily. The literature about scooter full-scale fire indicates that the average fire growth coefficient is 0.00019 MW/sec2, it represents the scooter fire is classified as ultra-fast time square fire growth model. In the full-scale fire extinguishing experimental literature, automatic sprinkler system can suppress the flame height and prevent extending burning. According to the computer simulation (FDS) literature, no matter computer simulation or full-scale experiments, the active order and trend about automatic sprinkler system sprinkler heads are the same. This study simulation scenario designed includes using different automatic sprinkler system sprinkler head types (enclosed wet type and open type), different response time index (RTI 235 and 42), different volume of water discharge (32.6 and 80 L/min) and different configurations (the fire source is located directly below the sprinkler head, in the middle of the two sprinkler heads straight lines and in the middle of the four sprinkler heads by squares). The simulation result demonstrates that the more sensitive the sprinkler sensing element is, the earlier action time it has, the sprinkler can be activated before getting the maximum heat release rate. The open type requires less time to extinguish the fire than the enclosed wet type, and the more water discharge, the shorter time required to extinguish the fire and decrease the ambient temperature it has. If the horizontal distance between the sprinkler sensing element and the scooter ignition source is short, the sprinkler can act quickly, the heat release rate of fire can be suppressed in advance.