| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立體育大學 === 運動與健康科學學院 === 107 === The purpose of this study is to explore the application of the traditional martial arts Bajiquan during the close combat (about 6 feet) of personal protection. To better understand the history and characteristics of Bajiquan, the job nature of personal protection and the significance of close compact as a personal defense technique, an extensive literature research was conducted. Through over 20 in-depth interviews with martial art masters, personal security experts and practitioners, relevant data were analyzed and summarized as follows:
1. the uniqueness of martial art: Bajiquan and the personal protection professions originated from the protection of the last emperor Pu Yi of the Qing Dynasty. Until today, it is still a must-have combat skill for Taiwan’s national security secret service personnel. The action characteristics of Bajiquan include “leaning shoulders and striking with elbows, pounding and moving by pelvic limb”, which wins the martial art a reputation of "striking with the elbow and the mountain is knocked down, stamping one’s feet and the entire continent is shaken up." Personal security personnel use close combat technique to ensure the employer’s safety and security. Bajiquan features its action in a way of “Constantly keeping one’s strength ready while holding the actions until the right moment”, which deals with any situation in a low-profile manner while prepares to launch required action at any moment. Such strategy takes into account the employer’s personal and professional image.
2. The relations between the martial art theory, its moves and techniques, and the application of the concept and the move in actions: the close-combat defense technique for personal protection uses the principle of “shielding with body, escorting to leave under cover” as the main tactics. Different scenarios in various situations are classified into three different natures and degrees of risks: low risk (disturbance), medium risk (nuisance) , and high risk (harmful). To deal with different scenarios, Bajiquan’s boxing theory states: "reserves the strength inner-body invisibly, rendering oneself without reservation, preparing to kill with one single blow", with which to exercise the tactics of "attack by strength of the elbow in close range" to eliminate threats and ensure the safety of the employer.
3. Establishing a training system for Bajiquan close combat personal defense skill which suits the need of personal protection requirements: the traditional training system should be used as the basis, combined with the actual work needs and the principles of business management, to establish a "modular" training system, which include real combat practice and the introduction of the training concept and methodology of sports science, meanwhile to facilitate professional teaching resources for inheritance of experience so as to enhance the overall training effectiveness.
The research concludes in in attempt to contribute to the promotion of Chinese traditional martial arts culture, and to provide a reference for the use of Bajiquan as a close combat defense technique for the personal security service industry or the continuous development and advancing of government agencies in the coming future.
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