Effect of Cotyledon, Light and Low Temperature on the Grafted Plant Growth of Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) ‘Yin Hui’

• Main Authors: Aditya Ferryanto, 馮錦來
• Other Authors: Yu Sung
• Format: Others
• Language: en_US
• Published: 2019
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/yjgfsz

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 園藝學系所 === 107 === Abstract The muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) is a popular and important fruit worldwide. Grafting is performed to increase plant growth, improve fruit quality, prevent difficulties owing to continuous cropping, avoid soil-borne disease, and increase tolerance to environmental stress. The cotyledons of the rootstock are very important during healing and acclimatization. The average survival rates for 5 rootstocks following grafting with two cotyledons were higher than those for one-cotyledon grafting, at around 81.7% and 69.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, the average survival rate following no-cotyledon grafting was 76.1%, which was higher than that for one-cotyledon grafting. Overall, grafting with two cotyledons resulted in better growth in all rootstocks as compared with one-cotyledon grafting after 21 days in field. When grafted plant cultured in field, ‘Hei Pi’ and ‘Yin Hua’ oriental pickling melon as rootstocks, the male flower was appeared early. Pumpkin as rootstock was the best growth with one or two cotyledons. Grafting with no cotyledon leaves resulted in better growth during healing and acclimatization with similar family rootstocks. ‘Hei Pi’ and ‘Yin Hui’ rootstock promoting growth compared with one-cotyledon grafting and two cotyledons grafting. Meanwhile ‘Yin Hua’ rootstock promoting growth compared with one-cotyledon grafting. The effects of application of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) prior to grafting was studied ‘Yin Hui’ seedling under 9B (100% blue) and 7R1G1B (red 85%, green 7%, blue 8%) LED treatment was obtained was obtained 100% grafting survival rate. Seedlings under 7R1G1B had significantly better growth than control in terms of height and true leaves, and its flowering day was sooner. When LEDs were applied during healing, all light treatments resulted in significantly higher survival rates than those of plants grown under darkness (45%), with rates of greater than 80% with ‘Yin Hua’ rootstock and 70% with ‘Zhuang Shi’ rootstock. Meanwhile, 9R (100% red) and 7R1G1B light treatment resulted in better growth in terms of true leaves, fresh and dry weights, and plant leaf area with ‘Yin Hua’ rootstock. WW (100% white) promoted growth of ‘Zhuang Shi’ with respect to diameter, fresh weight, plant leaf area and soil plant analysis development (SPAD). Six pumpkin cultivars and four grafting rootstocks were studied to assess the effects of a low temperature level and chilling injury on muskmelon grafting. The results for ‘Tie Jia’ showed that it was tolerant to low temperature, with increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) and soluble leakage of 2.2 µmol/g FW and 6%, a decrease of 50% in water absorption, and decreases of 2.6 and 0.02 in SPAD and Fv/Fm as compared with plants grown under normal temperatures. With regards to antioxidant activities, superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased by 21.6 U/g FW, while decreases of 0.2 U/min.g FW and 0.2 U/min.g FW were observed in catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). In terms of growth, the dry weight of ‘Tie Jia’ decreased by 0.5 g, while its diameter increased by 0.1 mm as compared with plants grown under normal temperatures. Grafting with pumpkin rootstocks showed lower survival rate and compatibility than ‘Yin Hui’ rootstock in normal and chilling treatments. Chilling after grafting using ‘Xin Tu Zuo’ and ‘Tie Jia’ resulted in a survival rate of around 51% and 60% and the growth was significant higher than ‘Yin Hui’ rootstock. Their growth during chilling after grafting showed decreasing 2.6 g and 6.0 g in dry weight compared with plants grown under normal temperatures. Grafting with ‘Xin Tu Zuo’ and ‘Tie Jia’ significantly resulted high diameter, dry weight, plant vigor and accelerated its male and female flowering day compared with ‘Yin Hui’ rootstock. In chilling after healing, all pumpkin rootstocks decreased 1.9-3.0 g, meanwhile ‘Yin Hui’ resulted increasing 2.3 g in dry weight compared with plants grown under normal temperatures. Grafting with ‘Xin Tu Zuo’ and ‘Tie Jia’ resulted significant higher diameter, dry weight, plant vigor and significant accelerated its male flowering day compared with ‘Yin Hui’ rootstock. The results showed that using ‘Xin Tu Zuo’ and ‘Tie Jia’ pumpkin performed best of the rootstocks examined when subjected to chilling damage during grafting.