| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立政治大學 === 科技管理與智慧財產研究所 === 107 === Digital technology has fundamentally changed the economic activities of the music industry. The utilization of copyright, especially the musical works, has changed from the physical entities to the access right. The simpler types of carrier media and the format standardization make music creation spread on the internet massively and fastly. Multi-type of utilization and business models coexist in the digital age eventually. Because collective management organizations and streaming music platform have a different opinion about the value of the music creation than music creators do. Additionally, the model of the music creation licensing a lack of flexibility. The two factors above make the current business model gradually unable to cope with the complex transactions of diverse utilization of music creations. Eventually lead the music creators could only rely on intermediaries, which is the collective management organizations, recording company and streaming platform, to promote their music works. This kind of situation especially happens on independent musicians.
Nowadays, the music marketplace lacks a good authorization mechanism in practice and a global copyright database that can identify the real copyrighter. Therefore, there is a recessive demand for new technology that can establish a flawless business model in digital music industry to solve the problem that music creator encounter of the transactions lacking in transparency and the exploitation from intermediaries that music creator encounter, not only the inefficient operation and lacking in fairness, but also the collective management group cannot accurately evaluate the participants of contribution proportion in each music creation. Music industry's revenue growth rate slows down overall, participants in the market realize that the current business model of the digital music industry needy for adjustment and change.
With the underlying technology of Bitcoin－blockchain technology coming up, users or/and consumers can directly pay the royalties to music creator through the smart contract deployed in the blockchain. The smart contract can automatically execute the split ratio between the co-creators to let real owners obtain the corresponding rewards, and let users or/and consumers then enjoy the services of playing music according to the rights they have acquired. The main technical characteristics of blockchain let the process of transactions more transparent.
This study will focus on the problems encountered in the current digital music marketplace. Through studying the blockchain application of ConsenSys-Ujo music, PeerTracks, dotBlockChain, and KKFARM-Muzeum to better grasp the scenarios of blockchain technology used in the music industry. Then attempt to answer the research problems of whether the blockchain technology can be the solution, and establish a novel supply chain, shape the new business model with the main players in the existing market for the digital music industry.
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