| Summary: | 碩士 === 中華科技大學 === 土木防災工程研究所在職專班 === 107 === Social change, urban population density, and frequent fire cases generate heavy casualties and property damage; according to the 2017 fire statistics by National Fire Agency, Ministry of the Interior Fire Department, the annual major fire sites in buildings are first to fifth floor with 7,166 times. Business entities are hard to acknowledge the fires during the night time without operation; which hardens the evacuation. This research aims to enlarge the fleeting time for evacuation once if with fires in business entities as well as analysis of activating time of residential fire alarm; which can be applied to check the influence to evacuation for shelter. This research adopts fire dynamic simulation (FDS) software to seize the direction of smoke flow, and fire environment simulation (PyroSim) software to build a site model; which discusses the effect of activating time on fire alarm to evacuation, and proposes concrete ideas by experimental data as well. Accessing to data of smoke, temperature, visibility, and activating time of alarm during fire, this research adopts survey by equipping residential fire alarm in some place, from type to amount, to fire site simulation; which analyzes the effect of residential fire alarm to evacuation in small business entities.
The case study of simulated fire scenario in some space with temperature to be <60ºC for situation 1 with visibility for first floor is<5m, and the available evacuation time is 240 seconds. Situation 2 monitors the dining area alarm to be activated at 63 second soon after fire but at 183 second for second floor alarm by stairway; which means the persons at the second floor only have no more than 57 seconds after acknowledging the fire. Situation 3 monitors room one’s alarm to be activated at 440 second after fire, Japanese room at 356 second, room two at 590 second, the stationary mode at kitchen at the first floor does not alarm since the temperature is less than 60ºC. If using wireless mode, all the alarms activate at 63 second, the effective evacuation time can be extended to 182 seconds; which enlarges the time for shelter with notice to firemen by delicate sensors. However, wireless ones can trigger chain reaction of all alarms with notice to all the surrounding persons for effective rescue; if with optional net-mode and camera for fire alarm, the urgent notice of fire can be transmitted to mobiles through APP by instant messages in order to send faster report for less loss. This research intends to build models for business entities and relevant installations of fire alarm; which should be able to diminish the loss of lives and properties.
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