| Summary: | 博士 === 國立雲林科技大學 === 技術及職業教育研究所 === 106 === This study aimed to investigate the labor market outcomes for VHS and AHS graduates who are working for Indonesian fashion creative Industry (FCI) subsector. The questions include what are factors that influence the productivity of high school graduates in FCI subsector? and what are factors that influence the satisfaction of high school graduates in the FCI subsector?. The researcher used the statistical model of the hierarchical multiple regression and set up six models to answer twelve hypotheses.
This study used both quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative research questionnaire survey method, the development of questionnaires for research tools for data collection and analysis, the object of study included 84 fashion creative industries in Indonesia with 620 employees (effective recovery of the questionnaire); job satisfaction questionnaire using the United States Minnesota the short version of university job satisfaction translated into Indonesian questionnaire, and then test the validity of the questionnaire, the total reliability of the questionnaire is 0.91, which can explain the total variance of 68.26%, the level of productivity is measured by the level of employee salary. In terms of qualitative research, depth interviews were conducted to collect data to assist in the interpretation and discussion of quantitative research findings. The survey respondents included 10 fashion industry creative workers and 20 employers in the interview, based on quantitative research findings.
Findings of this study are divided into two parts: quantitative and qualitative findings. Quantitative findings include, first, factors that influence the employees' productivity from high school graduates in FCI subsector in Indonesia, namely: (1) Employees who graduated from AHS had higher productivity than employees who graduated from VHS; (2) Employees who graduated from public schools had higher productivity than employees from private school graduates; (3) Employees with more job experience tended to have higher level of productivity than employees with less job experience; (4) Employees who had more training experience tended to have higher productivity than those with less training experience; (5) Male and female employees had the same level of productivity; and (6) The level of productivity of employees in large-sized firms was the same as that of employees in other firms. Second, factors that influence the employees' satisfaction from high school graduates in the FCI sub sector in Indonesia, including: (1) Employees who graduated from VHS tended to have the higher level of satisfaction than employees who graduated from AHS; (2) Employees who graduated from private schools tended to have the higher level of satisfaction than employees who graduated from public schools; (3) Employees who had more job experience tended to have the lower level of satisfaction than those lacking job experience; (4) Employees who had more training experience tended to have the lower level of satisfaction than those with less training experience; (5) Male and female employees had the same level of satisfaction; and (6) Employees in small-sized firm tended to have the higher level of satisfaction than employees working for large-sized firms.
Another part is qualitative findings. The first findings were the interview with employees who are working on FCI subsector. These included: (1) Owners of the FCI subsectors did not give special rewards to employees who had more job experience and training experience in production floor; (2) The training provided by the FCI owners did not differentiate employees who graduated from VHS from those who graduated from AHS; and (3) Salary is one of the main factors affecting the employees' work quality and work output in FCI subsectors and influencing labor recruitment. Meanwhile, the second findings were the interview with the owners of FCI, namely: (1) All the FCI subsectors used the same payroll system that counted employees’ salary based on their work output, this system called ‘pay by piece’; (2) All the employees who graduated from VHS and AHS must attend training at the beginning of their work; (3) The owners provided training for employees who had work problems and for new comers; (4) Most of the FCI owners preferred to hire AHS graduates than VHS graduates; (5) The main factor that affected the employees’ performance was salary; and (6) The owners did not determine special qualification for newcomers to become employees in FCI subsectors.
Several suggestions that recommended are additional research using hierarchical multiple regression needs to be conducted to know effects on other factors regarding human capital theoretical factors and demographic factors in labor market outcomes of high-school graduates based on the perspectives of employees and employers. Then, various parties associated with the development of human capital factors in the level of vocational high school need to prepare employee candidates according to needs of the labor market clearly as a way to increase employees' productivity that will be impacted on satisfaction in the workplace. In the other hand, there need several years to know benefits for long-term effects of human capital factors and demographic factors toward labor market outcomes on the level of productivity and satisfaction and or growth of productivity and satisfaction. With considering the long-term effect of them, the effect of them may increase employee productivity and satisfaction.
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