| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立陽明大學 === 科技與社會研究所 === 106 === This thesis inquires how the knowledge of autism transferred from the Western to Taiwan, triggering interactions and confrontation with the society. Autism, as an idea coming from the knowledge system of Western psychiatry, has medicalized some infants and children who characterized by trouble with social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. However, there has not existed the counterpart of disease idea in Taiwan, instead, there has spread the traditional childhood rearing impression“Late Bloomer”which almost opposite of the attitude toward child-rearing from the idea of autism. That may hint when the psychiatry travels into East Asia, it cannot perform as a hegemony without meeting any obstacle in the local. To elaborate autism history in Taiwan, this thesis starts from the question of the milieu where autism appeared the first time in Taiwan and then investigates the context of how autism became a prevalent common sense. In other words, the thesis analyses how autism interacted with or embedded in child-psychiatry, mental health programme, educational expertise, parent groups, and welfare policy during 1960 to 1990. Here, Social Worlds Theory gives the thesis an advantage of discussing interactions inter groups; meanwhile, Biopolitics provides the insightful way for digging the power relationship deeply.
The thesis is divided into three parts. Firstly, I reconstruct the social context and the deployment of knowledge to understand how autism showed up. Secondly, I turn to the discourses of autism, finding the core issue of autism had changed over time and played various roles. The third part focuses on the negotiation between parent groups, The League of Welfare Organization for the Disabled, R. O. C. and the Welfare Law for Handicapped Person in which autism contained various meanings. I comb through the controversy and analysis the strategy managed by the non-governmental groups and the advocated network performing in the event.
By dissecting the trip of autism in Taiwan, this thesis is looked forward to inspiring people to think the re-shaping psychiatry in the East Asia and examines the results leading by bio-medicine after magnifying the relationship between disease and culture with society.
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