Application of SWMM and HSPF Models on Reservoir Water Quatily Management

• Main Authors: Lin-Yi Tsai, 蔡玲儀
• Other Authors: Jen-Yang Lin
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2018
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6bq5ph

博士 === 國立臺北科技大學 === 土木工程系土木與防災博士班 === 106 === Estimation of the waterbodys loading capacity and pollutant loading from all sources to the waterbody are critical steps during the TMDL process. The Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF) model and Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) were applied to simulate the flow and water quality in the Feisui reservoir watershed. Statistical analysis showed that both models are suitable for the studied watershed, but the performances of the flow and water quality simulations are different. The low flow and suspended solid (SS) loads simulated by HSPF model performed better, possibly because the soil in the study area is highly permeable, and the HSPF model has more precise soil layer calculations. As for the total phosphorus (TP) simulation results, the result from SWMM is closer to the observations, while the HSPF is overestimated. The Latin Hypercube-One factor At a Time (LH-OAT) method was used to determine the parameter sensitivity of the HSPF model and SWMM. In both of the models, the parameters related to infiltration and soil characteristics strongly affected the flow simulation. TP is the target pollutant and the water quality concentration is typically consistent with water quality standards; however, it is difficult to determine which flow state to use, especially for lakes and reservoirs. In this study, an exceedance probability method was established to determinine the TMDL for reservoirs. The SWMM was used to understand the pollution loads from the watershed, and the Vollenweider model was used to simulate the total phosphorous (TP) concentrations in the reservoir. Using the validated Vollenweider model, the relationship between pollution loads and the target TP concentration is illustrated. This relationship is associated with real changes in the reservoir water volume and is presented as the exceedance probability. In this study, two scenarios, TP concentration of 20μg/L in accordance with the water quality standard, and TP concentration of 10μg/L to maintain the reservoir as oligotrophic of eutrophication states were implemented. At present, the TP can meet the water quality standard, an exceedance probability of 90% is suggested, and 580 kg/year (4%) of TP pollutants are needed to be reduced after the TMDL calculation. In order to strengthen risk management in response to climate change, maintain the reservoir water quality as oligotrophic states, an exceedance probability of 50% is recommended to ensure the sustainability of water resources.