Development the functional properties which have the improvement of neurodegeneration and antihypertension derived from porcine brain extracts

• Main Authors: Yu-Tse Liu, 柳育澤
• Other Authors: 林亮全
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2018
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k9wjc2

博士 === 國立中興大學 === 動物科學系所 === 106 === Proximate composition, amino acids, saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids and Prolyl Endopeptidase (PEP) inhibitory activity in various region of porcine brain including cerebrum cortex (CRC), cerebrum white matter (CRW), cerebellum (CL), brain stem (BS) and hippocampus (H) were carried out in this study. Also to investigate the functional characteristics of porcine brain extracts (PBE) by enzyme hydrolysate and solvent concentrate, and then examine the effect of amyloid β (Aβ40) induced cytotoxin for cell, including cell viability, inflammation expression and oxidative stress were carried out in this study. In addition, this study investigated the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity and antihypertensive effect of porcine brain hydrolysates (PBHs) on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) after their oral administration. Moreover, this study assessed whether administering PBEs ameliorates the impairment of spatial cognition learning ability in Aβ infused rats. The results indicated that fatty acid composition were monounsaturated 33.85 mg/100g, polyunsaturated 19.6 mg/100g, and saturated 46.46 mg/100g individually. Stearic acid has the highest amount (25.11±0.09 mg/100g) in saturated, and the highest amount for unsaturated fatty acids is oleic acid (30.05±0.96 mg /100g), moreover, DHA has 7.18±0.52 mg/100g in porcine brain. Different fatty acids content found in various region of porcine brain, DHA was found the highest (10.62±0.32 mg/100g) in CRW, and BS has the highest amount for oleic acid (40.70±0.08 mg /100g), this result has positive effect on PEP inhibitory activity, while BS has the best ability (IC50=5.5±0.82mg/mL) was higher than other regions (p＜0.05). We founded that cell viability on PC12 cell decreased by increasing Aβ40 concentration (0.1-10 μM), while increased to 50.3~85.1% by various concentration (10, 50 and 100μg). According to the results of oxidative stress in PC12 cells, the content of super oxide anion increasing to 100% degree and reduce Catalase activity for 75% after Aβ40 treatment; which significantly decrease under the increasing concentration for PBE. These results indicated that PBE can against neuronal damage for Aβ40 induced cytotoxin by anti-oxidative activity and anti-inflammation. Also, the results revealed that PBHs obtained after 4 h of hydrolysis with Protease N (PBP4H) yielded peptides enriched with ACE-inhibitory activity (86.29% ± 5.76%). Furthermore, PBP4H had the lowest ACE-inhibitory activity IC50 value (1.945 mg/mL). Oral administration of PBP4H-100 (100 mg/kg bw/day) and low-molecular-weight peptide fractions, PBP4H ＜3000 Da (50 mg/kg bw/day) reduced the systolic blood pressure (–30 mmHg) in SHRs. Moreover, the long-term administration of PBP4H-100 and PBP4H ＜ 3000 Da significantly suppressed hypertension. In addition, results of the plasma ACE activity was positively related with the SBP lowering effects of PBP4Hs. Final, the results indicated the PBEs, in particular EP (porcine brain extract with ethanol and Protease N), demonstrated the potentials to reduce damage of neurodegenerative disorders in vitro and in vivo. The principal findings of this study indicate that PBEs has PEP inhibitory activity in vitro. Moreover, administering EP to Aβ(1–40)-infused rats significantly improves their performance on reference, spatial performance, and working memory tests during water maze tasks; concurrent proportional decreases are also observed in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and Aβ accumulation levels in brain tissues. The PBEs were suggested to ameliorate learning deficits associated with Alzheimer’s disease by inhibition of lipid peroxidation in the brain of Aβ infused rat.