Evaluation of utilizing eggshell in personal cleaning products

• Main Authors: Hui-Ting Jiang, 江惠婷
• Other Authors: 譚發瑞
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2018
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ghjkzu

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 動物科學系所 === 106 === Egg is one of the most important animal products consumed globally. How to handle those large quantities of abandoned eggshell properly becomes critical. Currently, many exfoliating cosmetics or personal cleansing products might contain some polyethylene microbeads which have diameters less than 1 mm. Because these plastic materials do not degrade easily for years, such microbeads which have been accumulated in the natural environment may damage the ecological consequence. Mis-consumption those plastic microbeads by numerous animals may also cause a biomagnification in the food chain, thus lead to more serious damages. Many countries have started to ban the plastic microbeads. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential efficacy of applying different treatments of eggshell (CON: control; PEB: adding polyethylene microbeads; CAL: adding calcined eggshell powder; ESP: adding eggshell powder) in a saponification-type facial cleanser using a 90-day and 40°C accelerated aging test as well as a cytotoxicity assay and a porcine skin model test. The result of experiment 1 showed that during the aging period, the L* value of CAL was significantly lower than those of the other treatments (p<0.05), while the differences in the values of L*, a* and b* between CON, PEB, and CON were minor and it might not be distinguished by the naked eyes. The pH value of ESP on day 90 of aging was significantly lower than CON (p<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the other treatments during aging (p>0.05). Except on day 90 of aging, the spreadability of CON was the highest, while the spreadability of PEB was significantly lower than the others during aging (p<0.05). The foaming ability of CAL on day 14 of aging was significantly higher than that on day 0 (p<0.05), while the foaming ability of PEB on day 60 of aging was significantly lower than that of CON (p<0.05). There was no significant difference on the foam stability between the 4 treatments during aging (p>0.05). In the current study, the detergency was determined using a critical micelle concentration (CMC). The CMC value was between 0.080 wt% to 0.083 wt% for each treatment with less difference. The total microbial counts of the four facial cleansers were all conformed with the regulations of the Ministry of Health and Welfare. The result of experiment 2 showed that ESP did not exhibit cytotoxicity to HaCaT cell or 3T3 cell. In the animal skin simulation testing, the 4 treatments did not cause damage to the stratum corneum of porcine ear skin. In conclusion, ESP is recommended to be added in a saponification-type facial cleanser since it does not change the characteristics of the original samples, as well as not exhibit cytotoxicity and cause damage to stratum corneum of porcine ear skin. It is promising to substitute for the polyethylene microbeads currently commonly added in the personal exfoliating cleaning products potentially.