| Summary: | 博士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 醫學研究所博士班 === 106 === Amblyopia is an important cause of visual loss in children. To screen for amblyopia, we need to know the visual status of the local preschool children, which includes the prevalence of myopia, hyperopia, and asigmatism; the applicability of visual acuity charts in preschool children; the norms of visual acuity charts in preschoolers; and the establishment of vision screening criteria. Current study collected visual acuities, eye alignment, stereopsis, cycloplegic refraction, and autorefraction of preschool children (aged 3 to 6 years) in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The screening targets are myopia -3.00 D, hyperopia +4.50 D, astigmatism 2.00 D, or anisometropia 2.00 D. Our results showed that more than 90% of the children could have vision tests. The tumbling E chart visual acuity scores are better than Landolt C chart in preschool children. The prevalence of myopia are 5.5%, however, with age, it was 12% when at age 6 years. More than one tenth of children had astigamtism of 1.00 D or more. For a single test, unaided visual acuity test or non-cycloplegic autorefractor cylinder test are the best ones. When combined the two tests, it could increase the test’s sensitivity without decreasing the specificity.
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