| Summary: | 博士 === 中央警察大學 === 犯罪防治研究所 === 106 === Correctional institutions have been confronting with the severe challenges of overcrowding, rising population of long sentence prisoners and the awareness of human rights. The issues related to causes of inmate misconducts and the countermeasures are getting more and more attention nowadays. This study integrates the traditional importation, deprivation, situation, and criminology theories. Through the analysis of official records and survey data to objectively present the characteristics of the inmate misconducts, spatial and temporal distribution and to find out the influencing factors, and test the explanatory power of relevant theories. Analysis data includes 16,090 official record samples collected from 2012 to 2013 and 2,238 official sample data from the survey of effectiveness of prisoners’ treatment held in 2013 by Agency of Corrections, Ministry of Justice.
The result shows that disturbing order account for 48.8% of the misconducts which are the most, the next are fighting which account for 31.6%, and followed by contraband hiding of 11.2%. Attempted escape, indecency and tattooing only account for 1.4% in total. According to the result of Log-linear modeling shows (1) Fighting tends to occur with the conjunction of the factors includes inmates with less than 5 year prison term, daytime, summer and autumn, in the cell. (2) Disturbing order tends to occur with the conjunction of the factors includes inmates with less than 5 year prison term and first-time-rule-offender, during daytime, in the cell. (3) Contraband hiding tends to occur with the conjunction of the factors includes inmates with less than 5 year prison term and if they are drug offenders or property offenders. (4) Defying management tends to occur with the conjunction of the factors includes inmates with less than 5 year prison term and if they are first-time-rule-offender, during daytime.
Significantly influencing factors of inmate misconducts includes age, gender, sentence, age of first offense, income status before incarceration, drug abuse experience, the period in prison, visitation, environmental pressure and interpersonal interactions pressure. Among them, the period of incarceration is a significant explanatory factor to the overall misconducts and different types of violations. We also found that age, offspring, the age of first offense, visitation, and interpersonal interactions pressure can directly explain the occurrence of inmate misconducts. And gender can indirectly explain the occurrence of inmate misconducts through the period in prison, visitation, and interpersonal interactions pressure. Overall interpersonal interactions pressure is the most significant influencing factor.
The findings affirmatively confirmed the importation and deprivation theory and are consistent with the criminology theories especially social control, general strain, and situational opportunity theory.
The research suggests reinforcing the investigation and classification procedure and risk management. Furthermore, the establishment of long-term inmate misconducts database is also expected to continuously observe changes in the distribution and influencing factors of misconducts. The database can also help provide individual correctional institution to examine the weaknesses of management and treatment, and to identify the hotspots of misconducts to improve correctional performance.
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