Study on the Relevance of Hazardous Gases and Water Quality for Hot Spring

• Main Authors: Wang, Wei-Hung, 王偉宏
• Other Authors: Kan,Chi-Chuan
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2018
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2pngke

碩士 === 嘉南藥理大學 === 觀光事業管理系 === 106 === Hot spring industry is a characteristic Tourism property in Taiwan. Since Taiwan is located on the collision zone between the Eurasian Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate, the island has complex geological structures and thus has a wealth of hot spring resources. The number of known hot spring outcrops has reached more than 150, with the exception of Changhua, Yunlin and the Penghu County area, other counties and cities all have hot springs. Since hot springs are the expression of underground hot water rising to the surface, most hot springs have a considerable amount of chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate, tannin, boric acid, and trace amounts of heavy metals. When high-temperature hot water vaporized, Carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, and traces of air all leave from the hot water. There are cases of poisoning caused by excessive inhalation of hydrogen sulfide during hot springs. If the amount of carbon dioxide released is too much, insufficient ventilation can also cause the risk of oxygen deficiency. The characteristics of the hazardous gas contained in the hot springs and the safety measures to be taken are a problem that must be addressed when using hot springs. Due to the marked increase in the population of domestic bathing spas, there are many types of hot springs, and various hot spring springs produce the hazardous gas is the major issue for this study. In order to understand the hazardous gases contained in the hot springs in Taiwan's hot spring areas, this study first conducted a long-term test of methane, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and oxygen levels in different hot spring areas in Taiwan. Under the confined space with airtight and forced ventilation conditions, environmental parameters and gas concentrations generated by different water quality are tested and measured. The results are shown in the gas measurements at the various hot spring areas. It can be found that the spring temperature of the hot springs in each soup room is controlled at 40 to 41°C. However, none of the CH4 and H2S in the three hot spring areas is measured. Instead, CO2 is different. The highest concentration of CO2 in bicarbonate springs is 1260~1309 ppm, and the corresponding oxygen concentration is the lowest, only 20.7%. At the scene, the sulfur-scented Beitou hot springs are still smelling. The concentration of H2S in Tangwu is still ND. In the absence of ventilation in a confined space, the temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration increase with time. The temperature increase rate is 0.05 to 0.067°C per minute, and the humidity increase rate is 1.367 to 1.533% per minute. CO2 The concentration increase rate is 65.97-73.7 ppm per minute, and the O2 concentration will decrease with time, with the rate of 0.13-0.17% per minute. In the case of forced ventilation in a confined space, the temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration decrease with time. The temperature increase rate is 0.04 to 0.147°C per minute, and the humidity decrease rate is 0.6 to 1.33% per minute. CO2 The rate of concentration reduction was 45.3 to 92.57 ppm per minute, and the O2 concentration increased with time, with an increase rate of 0.04% per minute. In the case of forced ventilation in a confined space, the concentration of carbon dioxide breathed out by the subjects in the tap water immersion was 41,303 ppm. After soaking in sulfate springs, the concentration of carbon dioxide that the subject breathed out was 48083 ppm in the carbonate spring. When immersed, the subject's breathed out carbon dioxide concentration of 53,856 ppm was the highest value. In Taiwan, due to the wide variation in seasonal temperatures, especially in the cold winter, the leisure activities of the public are very popular. However, most people do not open their windows due to the cold weather. It is easy to cause carbon dioxide to accumulate indoors and produce excessive concentrations. In case of natural ventilation, the design of natural ventilation must also consider the changes of the seasons. It is also necessary to consider the location and size of the windows. The opening of the windows should not be too small and the design of the hot spring pool should be considered to improve the indoor air quality. Hot spring resort construction is a public construction occasion, so the concentration of carbon dioxide should be included in the quality of the proposed value control, in order to facilitate the hot spring tourism industry trends toward high quality and healthy environment.