偏鄉社區發展與社區產業關係之探討：以嘉義縣及台南市兩個社區發展協會為例

• Main Author: 李朔
• Other Authors: 吳明儒
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2018
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3jhe92

碩士 === 國立中正大學 === 社會福利研究所 === 106 === In March of 2018, the population of the elderly over 65 years old accounted for 14.1% of the total population of Taiwan, officially entering the status of a nation of old age. The population of the rural communities in Chiayi and Tainan was seriously aging, with nearly half of the towns affected. The districts’ elderly population ratio is over 20%, signifying an “Aging Society”; due to the decline of rural industries, outflows of the population, and unattended care of the elders, community residents are worried that they will face the crisis of becoming “Marginal Villages”. In regard to community care and maintenance services, they often face the dilemma of insufficient funds. In order to attract young people to return home, residents are working together to create, activate, and revitalize community industries, as well as promote community development. In this study, based on a literature review, analysis of induction and comparison of field visits, the development associations of Taiping Community, Meishan Township, Chiayi County and Shihan Community, Houbi Dictrict, Tainan County, report population aging as high as 25% of the very elderly; the development association in transition "Community Cooperatives" comprises two complementary organizations, promoting returning surplus back to the community to be shared by all the residents. Discussions include their processes and dilemmas in promoting development; the motives, processes, obstacles and breakthroughs in transforming and developing community industries; and in promoting the characteristics of the community industry, the difficulties encountered and the impact of the establishment of community cooperatives to operate community industry for community development and realize effective implementation. Finally, means of developing community industry are explained as a reference for future planning community policies. The results gleaned from this study show that although the two communities differ, the key point behind their success is having a community chairperson who can manage the situation properly. It not only requires a visionary leadership style, selflessness, and leading by example, but also leading community residents to fully use resources to exert their mobility and policy execution. The industries in Taiping community and Shihan community cooperative are tourism and rice culture. However, the speed of fund-raising obviously differ. The communities have reached a consensus with each other, signifying an important lesson for the future. For the social capital, survey respondents believe that the most important element is human capital, and acknowledge that there is a gap between the desired goal and the actual situation assessment of the community. Finally, government departments and the community must work together hand in hand to ameliorate the situation.