| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立陽明大學 === 護理學系 === 105 === Cigarette smoking harms nearly every organ of the body and reduces the health of smokers in general, smoking cessation is difficult task. Inpatients are surrounded by a nonsmoking environment during hospitalization, and the physical discomfort might reinforce their perception of side effect of smoking. This induces the key ‘teachable moment’ for motivating smoking patients to cease smoking. Identifying the key factors that motivate hospitalized patients to cease smoking can help health care providers adopt appropriate strategies at the right time to encourage smoking cessation. Thus, the goal of health promotion can be achieved, and the probability of disease recurrence can be minimized. The purpose of this study was to understand the teachable moment for hospitalized patients and identify the predictors of motivate smoking cessation in hospitalize smoking patients.
This study adopted a cross-sectional research design. The participants were smoking patients, diagnosed with heart or chest diseases and hospitalized for a minimum of 48 hours at a medical center located in Northern Taiwan. Purposive sampling was conducted to recruit participants, and a structured questionnaire was administered to collect data. We recruited 289 participants. The results showed that participants’ average age was 54.86 years, with the majority of them being men and having high school or vocational school education level. Regarding the motivation for smoking cessation, 97 participants (33.56%) were in the precontemplation stage. Among the four dimensions of the teachable moment, the patients exhibited a moderate-to-high level of risk perception, a moderate level of uncertainty about illness, relatively poor self-perception of health, and relatively high social role stress. The results showed that participants’ motivation for smoking cessation differed significantly with differing monthly income, smoking frequency, smoking cessation experience, roles affecting smoking cessation, risk perception, uncertainty in illness, self-perception of health status, and social role stress. A stepwise discriminant analysis was used to predict the motivation for smoking cessation. Variables such as risk perception and social role stress can be used to effectively determine patients’ current stage of change during the process of smoking cessation. The overall categorization accuracy was 64%.
Participants with stronger risk perception and greater social role stress exhibited higher motivation for smoking cessation. The influence of risk perception was greater than that of social role stress. Therefore, risk perception held by patients must be strengthened. In the future, health professionals providing smoking cessation consultation should provide social resources to smokers with a relatively low socioeconomic status. By using appropriate consultation materials, health professionals can increase smokers’ risk perception. In addition, we need to conduct a stronger social support network and improve its functions using the factor of social role stress to strengthen the motivation for smoking cessation. During the hospitalization period, health professionals can provide inpatient smoking cessation consultation to strengthen patients’ motivation for smoking cessation. We recommend incorporating risk perception assessment as a priority in smoking cessation consultation and creating incentive programs for encouraging health professionals’ provision of smoking cessation consultation during patient hospitalization. These approaches can enhance patients’ motivation for smoking cessation, thus resulting in a smoking cessation behavior.
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