| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北科技大學 === 能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班 === 105 === In the event of a subway station fire the smoke spread would also cause low visibility in non-fire zones. It often impedes safe egress from the fire. Temperature, visibility, smoke layer thickness, carbon monoxide concentration, thermal radiation etc. have also to be maintained at tenable conditions along the paths of evacuation.
FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) was used as the tool for modeling the fire. Two different types of shallow grade subway stations abroad were analyzed to understand the smoke exhaust at the platform and the concourse. The factors of natural smoke exhaust have been studied and the significance of different design parameters has been compared. Smoke exhaust can be affected by number of vents, size of vent opening, installed location, and also the ambient temperature. A major objective of this study is on the design of the makeup air such as installation, volume rate and the air temperature. The interaction of smoke exhaust and makeup air was studied by computer modeling of the entire smoke control system of the subway station. Performance base design has been proposed to elevate the safety of egress from a subway station fire.
It has been found that ambient air temperature is an important factor of natural smoke. Natural vent size and number, in addition the installed location would all affect the natural smoke exhaust. It is also found that make air can enhance the smoke exhaust and mitigate descend of smoke layer to allow safe evacuation. Moreover makeup air vent is better setup so that the air supply direction is in the opposite of the egress. Various fire scenarios have been modeled to understand the spread of smoke under different situations. The results presented would be a reference in the performance base design under the present fire code.
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