| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立屏東科技大學 === 環境工程與科學系所 === 105 === This study used an 8-stage micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor to sample particulate matter (PM) in the operator working areas and surrounding ambient environment of a representative car dismantling plant in southern Taiwan. Microwave digestion was used to isolate metal components from the PM sample, and ICP-AES was employed to analyze the concentrations of 17 metals, namely, Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sr, V, and Zn. The results showed that the PM concentrations at three sampling sites (the fine-part dismantling area, waste oil reservoir, and abandoned car lot) were 74.73 ± 21, 127.49 ± 25.93, and 73.87 ± 23.98 μg/m3, respectively. The PM distributions in the ambient environments of the fine-part dismantling area and abandoned car lot displayed a notable double-peak pattern, with the primary and secondary peaks respectively denoted the presence of fine PM (PM0.56-1.0) and coarse PM (PM1.0-1.8). By contrast, the primary and secondary peaks of the waste oil reservoir represented PM1.0-1.8 and PM1.8-3.2, respectively. This indicated that the atmosphere of the car dismantling plant was mainly composed of fine PM (<2.5 μm) in the accumulation mode.
Regarding the ambient metal composition in all the sampling sites, Fe, Al, Zn, K, Ca, and Mg exhibited the highest concentrations in the fine PM. In addition, notable concentrations of Zn, Pb, and Ni were detected. The metal particle size mostly displayed a double-peak distribution. In particular, Pb and Zn, which were moderately abundant in the plant, exhibited a double-peak distribution in the waste oil reservoir and abandoned car lot, whereas Cd, Mn, and V, which were detected in trace amounts, exhibited a single-peak distribution. The primary peak of Cd was located at 0.32–0.56 μm in the fine-part dismantling area, and at 3.2–5.6 μm in the waste oil reservoir and abandoned car lot. The primary peak of Mn was located at 1.8–3.2 μm in the fine-part dismantling area, 0.1–0.18 μm in the waste oil reservoir, and 3.2–5.6 μm in the abandoned car lot. The primary peak of V was located at 3.2–5.6 μm in the three sampling sites.
In the three sampling sites, Mg, Al, K, Ca, and Fe were determined to be the main contributors to the PM of various particle sizes. Notable amounts of Pb and Zn were also detected. The fine-part dismantling area exhibited the highest metal exposure levels of Cd, Cr, Zn, Ni, Mn, and Pb, suggesting that personnel in this area should wear masks to protect respiratory systems.
Keywords: metal ions, micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor, ambient environment, particle size distribution, exposure assessment
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