The Semi-Synthetic Diet of Lemon Butterfly (Papilio demoleus libanius)

• Main Authors: CHAN, JO-CHIEN, 詹若謙
• Other Authors: CHEN, SU-CHIUNG
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2017
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k5vh3s

碩士 === 國立宜蘭大學 === 園藝學系碩士班 === 105 === This study focused on the research and development of the semi-synthetic artificial diet for the Lemon butterfly(Papilio demoleus libanius). An semi-synthetic artificial diet and pomelo (Citrus grandis) leaves were used in rearing the larvae of lemon butterfly. Larvae fed with leaves of host plant, as control group. Eggs were collected from the host plant in the butterfly ecology garden, and kept individually in the growth chamber 25 ± 1℃, 80 ± 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 14L:10D as the rearing conditions. Hatched larvae were individually reared until emergence. Results indicate, the survival rate of larvae to pupa on semi-synthetic artificial diet (23.3%) was lower than those reared on pomelo leaves (40%). The survival rate of first to fourth instar, the diet group and control group more similar, but survival rate of fifth larvae in the diet group only 36.4%, which was less than the control group 86.5%. The average developmental period of the diet group, from the first instar larvae of newly hatched to adults, was 6.1 days longer than those of the control group, that is, 43.63 ± 0.85 and 37.54 ± 0.51 days, respectively. The width of head capsule in the diet group the first instar larvae was smaller than control group, and second instar larvae in the diet group more similar than control group, but those in the diet group from the third to fifth instar larvae was longer than control group. Therefore, the threshold value of head capsule’s width for the larva’s development to pupa was above 4.52 mm. In both group, the increment of head capsule’s width of larvae was in accordance with the increase in the larval instar stage. The increment of the head capsule’s width of the larva’s in accordance with the increase in the larvae instar stage, it maintains a ratio of 1.57 and 1.40 times in both groups. In both group, the increment of body length of larvae was in accordance with the increase in the larval instar stage. No significant differences were observed in pupa weight, adult weight, adult wing length and width between larvae reared on this diet and those reared on pomelo. The morphology and appearance in this species of two groups did not have difference. After, the diet A as a basis, improved ingredients that produce diet B-F, five species diets. Larvae were individually reared on five diets, results five species diets can't make larval to adult. Among 3rd instar larval all died of diet B and F, others diet can reared to 5th instar larval, but head capsule width and body length of larval can't achieve threshold, and therefore can't pupation and feathering. The semi-synthetic artificial diet contained 6% pomelo dried leaf powder was developed in this study. These results could proved the diet formulation can be considered feasible and successful in rearing this butterfly species.